Long-span bridge

Qin Y, Zhou K, Liao Y. Lightning Protection of Long Span Bridges. J. Journal of meteorological research and application, (in Chinese) 2010, 31(3) 80-83. 

In order to effectively control wind-induced vibrations of long span bridges aerod3mamic devices from the viewpoint of required energy are more attractive than mechanical control means. Figure 8.54 shows the simplified model of bridge-section with aerod3mamic devices (surfaces) to flutter-control. 

Heo, G., Wang, M. L., Satpathi, D. (1997). Optimal transducer placement for health monitoring of long span bridge. Structure Engineering, 7d(7-8), 495-502. 

APPLICATION TO LONG SPAN BRIDGES AND FOR THE CANTILEVER METHOD OF BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION... 

Reiterer, M., Ziegler, F. (2006). Control of pedestrian-induced vibrations of long-span bridges. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 13, 1003-1027. doi 10.1002/stc.91... 

Civil engineering stmetures, e.g., tall buildings, long span bridges, deep water offshore platforms, nuclear power plants, etc., have become more costly, complex and serve more critical functions. 

STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF LONG-SPAN BRIDGES WITH ACTIVE CONTROL... 

The equations of motion of a long-span bridge shown in Fig. 2, with the horizontal motion of the deck being neglected, may be written as follows ... 

The self-excited loads are the portion of aerodynamic loads which are responsible for the instability of the bridge deck. A number of different aerodynamic phenomena, such as flutter, vortex-shedding, torsional divergence, etc., may play a role in the bridge instability. However, only the instability problem caused by flutter, which is considered to be most critical for long-span bridges, is considered herein. 

It has been demonstrated that the stability of long-span bridges can be enhanced significantly by the application of the proposed active tendon control system. The flutter velocity of the bridge can be increased drastically, whereas the required active control force is small. Using random vibration analyses, it is further illustrated that, under strong wind... 

ON FLUTTER AND BUFFETING MECHANISMS IN LONG-SPAN BRIDGES by... 

Loads of Long-Span Bridges" Proc.Fifth U.S.National Conference of Wind Engrg. Lubbock, Texas, Nov. 1985... 

Stability of Long-Span Bridges", Thesis for M.S. in Engrg., Washington State University, Dec. 1986... 

It is for these reasons that such materials are of interest for tension members in applications like mooring ropes and very long span bridges. 

Tang B. Prestressed application using FRP for long span bridges. Polymer conference IV presentation. Morgantown (WV). p. 20-27. 

For long-span bridges, one of the principal design issues is the asynchronous earthquake excitation. While a normal structure frequently has a rather limited imprint, a long-span bridge is supported by towers placed sometimes hundreds of meters away. Thus, the seismic excitation from pylon to pylon can vary in time and intensity, and a uniform ground motion assumption is not realistic anymore. 

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