Livermore National Laboratory

During World War II, the Los Alamos Laboratory in New Mexico conducted a highly secret and successful operation to build the world s first atomic bomb. The bomb ended the war, and politicians as well as scientists began to appreciate the benefits of establishing scientific laboratories and conducting research. The national laboratory at Los Alamos continued its work on atomic physics and other projects after the war, and in the early 1950s, the physicists Ernest Lawrence (1901-58) at the University of California, Berkeley, and Edward Teller (1908-2003), then at Los Alamos, urged the establishment of another laboratory. Under the supervision of the University of California, a new national laboratory was set up in Livermore, California, in 1952, with Herbert York (1921-2009), a former student of Lawrence, as its first director. 

Early efforts focused on nuclear science and atomic technologies, similar to the laboratory at Los Alamos. In the 

Scientists who are seeking new materials often think beforehand about what kind of structure would work best. But on occasion, a new and unexpected structure presents itself, as happened in 1985, when researchers found a third form of carbon that became known as buckminsterfullerene. 

the laboratory employs 3,5GG scientists and has an annual budget of about 1.6 billion. In addition to projects such as Manaa s fullerene research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory operates the world s largest laser facility—National Ignition Facility—as well as a number of powerful supercomputers. This equipment provides researchers with the tools to study atoms and molecules on an experimental basis as weii as supplying computational power to simulate their activity on a theoretical level. 

In 1985, Harry Kroto, then a professor at the University of Sussex, in England, came to Rice University in Houston, Texas, to work with Richard Smalley and Robert Curl on a project involving the chemistry of carbon-containing molecules. The researchers used a mass spectrom- 

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Ref. 61. Results are based on a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 2-Dimensional Model. 

J. P. Holdren and co-workers. Report of the S enior Committee on Environmental, Safety, and Economic Nspects of Magnetic Fusion Energy, report UCRL-53766, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Calif., Sept. 25, 1989. 

G. Sucki, Energy Technology Repiew, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore, Calif., Apr./May, 1986, pp. 28—33. 

M.J. Berger and P. Colella, Local Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Shock Hydrodynamics, UCRL-97196, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 1987. 

M.L. Wilkins, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Report, UCRL-7322, Rev. 1, 1969. 

Steinberg, D.J., Equation of State and Strength Properties of Selected Materials, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories Report UCRL MA-106439, Feb. 1991. 

This work was performed under the auspices of the US DOE by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. W-7405-Eng-48. 

ZARD, developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Loermore, i fnrnia. 1980. 

Dr. Howard Lambert of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and FT A Associates, 3728 Brunell Dr., Oakland CA, 94602, e-mail lambert8 llnl.gov, provided the public domain codes FTAP (fault tree analysis program) and companions. He authored some of the codes, was associated with their development, teaches and consults for PSA. 

Sponsor U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center (CRDEC). Developer Stevens T, Chan Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, Phone (501)422-1822 Diana L. West, L-795 Technology Transfer... 

Initiative Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94551, Phone (510) 423-8030. 

LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551. 

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Work enclosures for toxic and radioactive materials. In Environmental Safety and Health Manual. September 1995. 

Goldwire, Jr., H. C., H. C. Rodean, R. T. Cederwall, E. J. Kansa, R. P. Koopman, J. W. McClure, T. G. McRae, L. K. Morris, L. Kamppiner, R. D. Kiefer, P. A. Urtiew and C. D. Lind. 1983. Coyote series data rejwrt LLNL/NWC 1981 LNG spill tests, dispersion, vapor bum, and rapid-phase-transition. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Report UCID-I9953. Vol. 2. 

We are grateful to the Swedish Natural Science Research Council for financial support. The support by the Swedish Materials Consortium 9 is acknowledged. The Center for Atomic-scale Materials Physics is sponsored by the Danish National Research Foundation. Part of work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, contract number W-7405-ENG-48. 

Getreidemarkt f T58, A-1060 Wien, Austria Experimentation Numerique, Maison des Magisteres, CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex, France Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,... 

Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P. O. Box 808, L-268 Livermore, CA 94550 USA... 

Dr. Per Soderlind Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Physics Department PO Box 808... 

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California... 

In October 2006, a research team of scientists from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, USA, and the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, reported the indirect detection of Uuo-294 (Element 118). It is reported to be produced by the following collisions. 

Coles, D.G. "Single-Pass Continuous-Flow Leach Test of Battelle 76-68 Glass Some Selected Bead Leach I Results", Report UCRL-85405 (Rev, 1), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1981. 

MELVIN S. COOPS—Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550... 

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