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Lipopolysaccharide detection

Das, H., Jayaraman, V., and Bhattacharya, J., Carbohydrate analysis of bradyrhizobial (NC 92) lipopolysaccharides by high-performance-anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, Biosci. Rep., 19, 219, 1999. [Pg.311]

Fig. 6.21. Principle of detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with the CD14-derived probe. It relies on the formation of a ground state complex between fluorescein and rhodamine in aqueous solution with quenching of donor and acceptor fluorescence. Spectrum A shows hypothetical fluorescence emission spectra of this complex. After LPS binding, the peptide sequence gets straightened prohibiting the close contact between the two fluorophores and leading to the recovery of red fluorescence (Spectra B). Fig. 6.21. Principle of detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with the CD14-derived probe. It relies on the formation of a ground state complex between fluorescein and rhodamine in aqueous solution with quenching of donor and acceptor fluorescence. Spectrum A shows hypothetical fluorescence emission spectra of this complex. After LPS binding, the peptide sequence gets straightened prohibiting the close contact between the two fluorophores and leading to the recovery of red fluorescence (Spectra B).
Diagnosis of gonococcal infections can be made by gram-stained smears, culture (the most reliable method), or newer methods based on the detection of cellular components of the gonococcus (e.g., enzymes, antigens, DNA, or lipopolysaccharide) in clinical specimens. [Pg.506]

Incubation periods in excess of 2 h were required before this activity was detected in cell-free supernatants. More recently, the use of cDNA probing of Northern transfers (to detect specific mRNA levels), the use of ELISA techniques (to detect protein levels immunologically) and the development of more specific bioassays (culture techniques in which a biomolecule stimulates proliferation in a particular cell line) have resulted in a more thorough analysis of IL-1 production by neutrophils. IL-1 is only poorly expressed in blood neutrophils because mRNA for this cytokine is detectable only at very low levels (if at all), and protein production is usually below the level of detection of most assays. However, exposure of neutrophils to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or to cytokines such as GM-CSF, TNF or IL-1 itself, results in a rapid but transient increase in IL-1 expression. [Pg.250]

Sakai H, Hisamoto S, Fukutomi I, et al. Detection of lipopolysaccharide in hemoglobin-vesicles by Limulus amebocyte lysate test with kinetic-turbidimetric gel clotting analysis and pretreatment of surfactant. J Pharm Sci 2004 93 310. [Pg.89]

Huang etal. (2002) prepared an antibody array for the simultaneous detection of 43 cytokines. They were able to verify the down-regulation of MCP-1 cytokine in transfected cells (human glioblastoma cells transfected with cx43 expression vector) relative to control cells. The antibody array is an emerging technology. In at least one study based upon the use of a commercial membrane format, the cytokine microarray failed to accurately determine cytokine levels in bacterial and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimu-lated whole human blood (Copeland, 2004). [Pg.23]

When alamethicin is added to a ternary vesicle system comprising PDA, phospholipid, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the addition of polymyxin, an LPS-binding antibiotic, sensitizes the vesicles to alamethicin (Katz et al. 2003). Cholesterol-containing PDA liposomes have been used to colorimetrically detect streptolysin O, a cholesterol-dependent pore-forming toxin (Ma and Cheng 2005). [Pg.317]

Src is another soluble protein Tyr kinase that associates with certain receptors when they bind their ligands. Src was the first protein found to have the characteristic (P) Tyr-bincling domain that was subsequently named the Src homology (SH2) domain. Yet another example of a receptor s association with a soluble protein kinase is the Toll-like receptor (TLR4) system through which mammals detect the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent toxin. We return to the Toll-like receptor system in Section 12.6, in the context of the evolution of signaling proteins. [Pg.433]

Aside from the expression of histidine mutations that are easily detected, other properties have been built into the Salmonella strains by mutation to increase their sensitivity. The strains cure defective in DNA excision repair (uvrB). In this case, the increased sensitivity probably is due to the failure to remove some DNA adducts that could lead to mutation. The strains also possess a mutation (rfa) that removes part of the lipopolysaccharide barrier of the bacterial cell wall and thereby makes the cells more permeable to some chemicals. Finally, Salmonella strains TA98 and TA100 contain the R-factor plasmid pkMIOl,277 which increases sensitivity probably by increasing the activity of an error-prone DNA-repair system. [Pg.85]

Fomsgard, A., Freudenberg, M.A., Galanos, C. Modification of the silver staining technique to detect lipopolysaccharide in polyacrylamide gels. J Clin Microbiol 28 (1990) 2627-2631. [Pg.48]

Kido, N., Ohta, M., Kato, N. Detection of lipopolysaccharides by ethidium bromide staining after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Bacteriol 172 (1990) 1145-1147. [Pg.49]


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Lipopolysaccharides

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