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Lipid messengers

OGR1, but not GPR4 or TDAG8, is sensitive to inhibition by zinc and copper ions [1]. Agonistic or antagonistic modulators of receptor function are not yet published As described above, we do not consider lipid messengers as specific modulators of these receptors. [Pg.1037]

Seuwen K, Ludwig MG, Wolf RM (2006) Receptors for protons or lipid messengers or both J Recept Signal Transduct Res 26 599-610... [Pg.1037]

Opsins Odorant Monoamine Lipid messengers Nucleotide... [Pg.86]

STORAGE OF LIPID MESSENGERS IN NEURAL MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS 576... [Pg.575]

Excitable membranes maintain and rapidly modulate substantial transmembrane ion gradients in response to stimuli 576 Specific lipid messengers are cleaved from reservoir phospholipids by phospholipases upon activation by various stimuli 576 Phospholipids in synaptic membranes are an important target in seizures, head injury, neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia 576 Some molecular species of phospholipids in excitable membranes are reservoirs of bioactive lipids that act as messengers 576 Mammalian phospholipids generally contain polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains almost exclusively esterified to the second carbon of glycerol 577... [Pg.575]

Platelet-activating factor is a very potent and short-lived lipid messenger 579... [Pg.575]

Specific lipid messengers are cleaved from reservoir phospholipids by phospholipases upon activation by various stimuli. These stimuli include neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, cytokines, membrane depolarization, ion channel activation and others. Lipid messengers regulate and interact with multiple other signaling cascades, contributing to the development, differentiation, function, protection and repair of the cells of the nervous system. [Pg.576]

This chapter surveys the neurochemistry of lipid messengers, as well as the mechanisms by which bioactive lipids accumulate upon stimulation in response to injury, cerebral ischemia, seizures, neurotrauma or neurodegen-erative diseases, and their significance in pathophysiology. Emphasis is placed on three groups of bioactive lipids AA and its metabolites, known collectively as eicosanoids PAF, a highly potent ether phospholipid and the newly identified DHA-derived mediator, neuroprotectin Dl. [Pg.577]

Phospholipid molecules of membranes from neurons and glial cells store a wide variety of lipid messengers. Receptor-mediated events and changes in [Ca2+]i, such as occur during excitatory neurotransmission and activity-depen-dent synaptic plasticity, activate phospholipases that catalyze the release of bioactive moieties from phospholipids, which then participate in intra- and/or intercellular signaling pathways. [Pg.579]

The exact mechanism by which COX-2 inhibition attenuates kindling epileptogenesis is not understood. Notwithstanding, COX-2 inhibition may diminish prostaglandin and/or PAF synthesis, lipid messengers that are both involved in synaptic facilitation [45]. Moreover, kindling epileptogenesis promotes selective neuronal COX-2... [Pg.583]

Reports that AA is released primarily by G-protein-mediated PLA2 activation remain to be confirmed [84, 85]. In addition, modulation of PLA2 by Ca2+ and protein kinase needs to be better defined. It is clear that NMDA receptor activation promotes the release of AA [86], and that a variety of eicosanoids are then generated (Fig 33-2,33-3). The modulatory events that channel AA towards specific eicosanoids are not understood. The endocannabinoid family of lipid messengers will remain an active focus of interest because of the growing evidence of their actions in synaptic function, learning, memory, and other forms of behavior [56,87]. [Pg.588]

The lipid messenger OEA links dietary fat intake to satiety. CellMetab. 8, 281-288. Simon, G. M., and Cravatt, B. F. (2006). Endocannabinoid biosynthesis proceeding through glycer-ophospho-jV-acyl ethanolamine and a role for alpha /beta-hydrolase 4 in this pathway. J. Biol. [Pg.55]

English, D., 1996, Phosphatidic acid a lipid messenger involved in intracellular and extracellular signaling. Cell Signal 8 341-347. [Pg.227]

Doucet, J. R Bazan, N. G. Excitable membranes, lipid messengers, and immediate-early genes. Alteration of signal transduction in neuromodulation and neiuotrauma. Mol Neurobiol, 1992, 6 407 24. [Pg.320]

Fig. 4.1 Growth-factor signals are channelled in the Raf/Ras pathway, resulting in cellular proliferation and differentiation, whereas stress and cytokine signals are directed via MAPKKKs and MAPKKs to JNKs 1 and 2 and the p38 MAP kinase. They cause growth inhibition and apoptosis. Second messengers, such as lipid messengers, may also adress the MAP kinase cascade and elicit specific cellular responses. Included in the scheme are upstream kinases, such as Raf, that in turn activate the MAPKKs (not shown), and eventually the p44 MAPKs 1 and 2 (or ERKs). (This scheme is simple and not complete, because some kinases participating in these signalling pathways are not yet defined.)... Fig. 4.1 Growth-factor signals are channelled in the Raf/Ras pathway, resulting in cellular proliferation and differentiation, whereas stress and cytokine signals are directed via MAPKKKs and MAPKKs to JNKs 1 and 2 and the p38 MAP kinase. They cause growth inhibition and apoptosis. Second messengers, such as lipid messengers, may also adress the MAP kinase cascade and elicit specific cellular responses. Included in the scheme are upstream kinases, such as Raf, that in turn activate the MAPKKs (not shown), and eventually the p44 MAPKs 1 and 2 (or ERKs). (This scheme is simple and not complete, because some kinases participating in these signalling pathways are not yet defined.)...
Ptdins 3-kinases and the lipid messengers they produce play an important role in growth regulation and in several other cellular responses, including the insulin response (Chapter 8). The Class 1 Ptdins 3-kinases are regulated by Ras. Ras-GTP binds to the regulatory subunit of the kinase. Cells expressing Ras mutants that can not interact with Ptdins 3-kinases have lost certain responses. [Pg.60]

Y. Nishizuka. 2 They are activated by diacylgjycerol (DAG) and Ca2+. Diacylglycerol is formed from phosphatidylinositol-4, 5 -P2 by phospholipase C. The other product of this reaction is IP3, a lipid messenger, releasing Ca + from intracellular stores. The protein kinase C family has at least 11 members the largest amounts of protein kinase C are present in the brain. Some routes of PKC signalling in the brain are indicated in Fig. 7.5 there are others. [Pg.128]

The c-jun gene is rapidly induced by a great variety of signals, ranging from growth factors and cytokines to lipid messengers and G proteins. >5 Each signal may result in a... [Pg.172]

Derocq JM, Bouaboula M, Marchand J, Rinaldi-Carmona M, Segui M, CaseUas P (1998) The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide is a lipid messenger activating cell growth via a cannabinoid receptor-independent pathway in hematopoietic cell lines. FEBS Lett 425 419-425... [Pg.416]


See other pages where Lipid messengers is mentioned: [Pg.1035]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.107]    [Pg.108]    [Pg.576]    [Pg.577]    [Pg.577]    [Pg.585]    [Pg.588]    [Pg.825]    [Pg.86]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.36]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.1035]    [Pg.31]    [Pg.36]    [Pg.58]    [Pg.66]    [Pg.70]    [Pg.84]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.150]    [Pg.258]    [Pg.259]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.290 ]




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Messengers

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