Lipid acute effects

Nishimura, H., Tokuyama, K., Inoue, Y., et al. (2001) Acute effects of prostaglandin D-2 to induce airflow obstruction and airway microvascular leakage in guinea pigs role of thromboxane A(2) receptors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Medial. 66, 1-15. 

Animal models permit the investigation of the antitumoral effect of lipids A and LPS [57], We will first consider the acute effects observed after the first injection of lipids A or LPS. In each case, their relevance to an antitumoral activity will be discussed. 

The short-term or acute effects of the p-agonists may be different from chronic effects. Acute tipolysis and glycogenolysis are not observed beyond the first day or two of treatment. Exact mechanisms of action on lipid metabolism may differ among species. Chronic effects of the p-agonists reduce circulating insulin concentrations ST treatment causes an opposite change. Whereas residue levels may be of concern with administration of several of the P-agonists, such is not the case for ST or GRF. 

Lipid metabolism. Although a model has been provided to explain the acute and chronic actions resulting from opiate treatment, it is not currently possible to identify precisely the molecular site(s) of opiate-Ca + interactions. Clearly the most obvious sites of action are those where Ca + metabolism has been reported to be modified by opiates e.g. Ca + binding. Also, there is as yet no definite evidence as to which mechanisms modulate the switch from acute effects to tolerance development. 

Maritza RM, Oehme FW. 1982. A review of the acute effects of carbon disulphide on lipid liver metabolism. Vet Hum Toxicol 24 337-341. 

Martini RM. 1987. Acute effects of carbon disulfide on hepatic lipid metabolism in Fischer rats. Acta Cient Venez 38 362-365. 

Future Research Needs. It is obvious that studies on toxicity and carcinogenicity of lipid oxidation products, as they occur in food, are in their infancy. It is still not established that any of these compounds constitute a threat to public health. It is certain that, at the levels normally encountered in foods, acute effects on humans would not be seen. The chronic area remains an enigraa. It is known that levels of MA in foods have been overstated by the TBA test. Extensive studies are urgently needed to quantify free MA directly by HPLC (32). Further investigations are also necessary to determine more fully the toxicity of MA. 

Svaneborg, N, Moller, JM, Schmidt, EB, Vanning, K, Lervang, HH and Dyerberg, J (1994) The acute effects of a single very high dose of -3 fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in healthy subjects. Lipids, 29, 145-147. 

Renal Antlhvpertensive Factors - In addition to a prohypertensive mechanism it has been recognized for many years that the kidney possesses an antihypertensive mechanism. Loss of the antihypertensive function may be as important to the pathogenesis of hypertension as activation of the hypertensive mechanism. Work in this area has been kindled in recent years by the demonstration that explants of renomedullary tissue will prevent the onset of renoprival hypertension or lower the blood pressure of animals with renal hypertension. Extracts of renal medullary tissue have been shown to lower the blood pressure of animals with experimental hypertension by a number of investigators. Extracts possess both an acute transient hypotensive action and a slow onset, protracted effect. The acute effect is due to the presence of prostaglandins . The substance responsible for the delayed response is also lipid in character, however, it appears to be a neutral lipid and not in the prostaglandin family " . 

Ray KK, Cannon CP (2005) The potential relevance of the multiple lipid-independent (pleiotropic) effects of statins in the management of acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol 46 1425-1430... 

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