Linnaeus Species Plantarum

Steam, W., Four supplementary Linnaean publications Methodus (1736), Demonstrationes Plan-tarum (1753), Genera Plantarum (1754), Ordines Naturales (1764), in Carl Linnaeus Species Plantarum A Facsimile of the First Edition 1753, Vol. 2, Ray Society, London, 1959, pp. 73-104. 

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Vols. 1,2 In Steam, W. T. 1957. Carl Linnaeus Species Plantarum. 

Linnaeus, C. von, Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale diges-tas, Laurentii Solvii, Stockholm, Sweden, 1753. 

The history of the use and identification of Cannabis sativa L. is long and complex. It is one of the oldest cultivated plants, used for the production of oil from the seeds, and fibre from the stems for rope and fabrics, and has long been used as a psychoactive drug due to the presence of cannabinoids in the resins produced by the plant. Indeed, there is evidence of cannabis use from Neolithic burial sites. The name Cannabis sativa was first used in Linnaeus Genera Plantarum in 1753, but since that publication there has been considerable debate about the number of species and varieties that exist - this has been recently summarized succinctly by Gigliano [1]. The debate has centred on (i) the characteristics of the fruit, and (ii) meiosis and pollen fertility. It is now generally accepted, however, that there is only one species, namely Cannabis sativa L., which exhibits great diversity due to both selection in the wild and in the cultivated environment. 

In 1753, the hemp plant was christened Cannabis sativa by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, in his Species Plantarum, and it has borne this name ever since. 

Linnaeus, C. Species Plantarum, First ed. Conrad Wishoff Leiden, The Netherlands. (In Latiri), 1753. 

In 1753, Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) published the Species Plantarum, providing the first systematic taxonomy of flowering plants and ferns. It was based largely on the external structures (morphologies) of flower parts. External appearance also played a major role in mineral classification. For example, gem-... 

Carolus Linnaeus (1707-78) published his book Species Plantarum in 1753 and started the science of taxonomy of plants as well as animals. Linnaean taxonomy, which remains the basis of modern classification, relies upon structure (morphology) and function. The close relationship between horses and zebras is quite clear to any observer. On the other hand, a new observer (a scientist from another planet ) would almost... 

The year 1958 was one of several plausible bicentenaries for Linnaeus (Koerner, 1999). The first editions of his pamphlets Systema Naturae (System of Nature, 1735 first edition) and Genera Plantarum (Genera of Plants, 1737), used the sexual system, but his use of this approach preceded these publications. Linnaeus first used trivial names for species in Species Plantarum (Species of Plants, 1753) and in the tenth edition of Systema Naturae (System of Nature, 1758). Use of the year 1758 probably is meant to celebrate the adoption of trivial names and the consistent use of binomial nomenclature. 

Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum, Exhibentes Plantas Rite Cognitas, ad Genera Relatas, cum Differentiis Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Synonymis Selectis, Locis Natalibus, Secundum Systema Sexuale Digestas. Salvii, Hokniae. 

Linnaeus C (1737) Flora Lapponica. Apud Salomonem Schouten, Amstelaedami Linnaeus C (1753) Species plantarum. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae Lipp FJ (1995) Ethnobotanical method and fact a case study. In Schultes RE, Reis S (eds) Ethnobotany evolution of a discipline. Dioscorides, Oregon, pp 52-59 Llano GA (1948) Economic uses of lichens. Econ Bot 2 15-45... 

Linnaeus C (1753) Species Plantarum. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, vol I, pp 508-509 Lockcmann G (1924) Friedrich Wilhelm Sertiirner. Ein Beitrag zu seiner wissenschaftlichen Wurdigung. Z Angew Chem 37 525-532... 

Fig. 6. Type specimens of the names Cannabis sativa L. (left) and C. indica Lam. (center) and putative type of the name C. ruderalis Jan. (right). A type specimen is the original specimen on which the scientific description of a species is based. The "L" after Cannabis sativa stands for Linnaeus, whose Systema Plantarum (1753) is the starting point for scientific names of plants. (Reprinted from Small, Plant Science Bulletin, vol. 35,1975.)...

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