Learning from Research Papers

The best textbooks for the advanced student of chemistry are the scientific journals. One may, for example, take any recent issue of the Journal of the American Chemical Society and look for structural formulas. On my desk I have Vol. 103, No. 25 (1981). The following seven compounds are discussed in this particular issue (page numbers in brackets). 

These compounds can be made from the starting materials listed in this chapter in a fev steps. Try to find out starting materials and propose synthetic procedures of your own Then compare with the procedures given in the journal. If you regularly make up your own problems from scientific journals, work them through seriously, and slowly get to more complicated target molecules, you cannot fail to learn a lot about solving synthetic problems in a realistic manner  

About ten years later in J. Am. Chera. Soc., Vol. 113, No. 25 (1991) and Vol. 114, No. 21 (1992) we still Gnd simple target molecules. Stereoselective reactions, mostly alkylations, prevail now. How can the problems of regio- and stereoselectivities be solved Read the papers and learn  

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Clark, R. E. (1987) Which technology for what purpose The state of the argument about research on learning from media. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Atlanta, GA, February 21-March 1,1987. 

Ferreira, P. F. M., Justi, R. (2005). From chemical reaction to chemical equilibrium Learning through modelling. Paper presented at the V Conference of the European Seienee Education Research Association, Barcelona, Spain, 28 August-01 September. 

Since its introduction to the scientific community in late 1980, PAIRS (Program for the Analysis of IR Spectra) has been used successfully by a large number of researchers. Recent improvements to PAIRS have made this package incorporate most of the aspects of expert systems. The improvement highlighted in this paper is the capability for scientists to inquire of the system why a particular interpretation result was achieved. This capability enhances the ability for scientists to learn from the knowledge base of interpretation rules present in PAIRS. It also simplifies the process by which the PAIRS knowledge base can be refined through incorporation of improved rules from expert spectroscopists. 

The war period was not one of scientific inactivity. The publication record of Ilya Prigogine contains 13 papers on thermodynamics published between 1940 and 1944 in the Bulletin of the Royal Academy of Belgium, in the Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Belgium, and in the Journal de Physique et le Radium (France). One learns from the acknowledgments of these papers that the young researcher was subsidized by the Solvay Institutes. 

The most important thing you can do when you begin to research a topic and write a research paper is to have fun with your project Any topic that you choose to write about will become a fascinating learning experience. The rest of this introduction will briefly explain a few key skills that you will learn in order to get the most from your experience. 

Writing a research paper is very similar to writing an essay. An essay is often an opinion piece that analyzes a particular topic or book, while a research paper involves analyzing raw data and different facts and statistics from a variety of sources. Once you have collected all your material, you will learn how to use it as the basis for a persuasive argument. You will also learn how to ... 

Good writing, after all, is just clear thinking. Anyone who can think well enough to make advances in any learned field ought to be able to write about his work. I am, of course, aware that many research papers submitted to scientific journals are, from a literary standpoint, putrid but usually such essays are scientifically not very fragrant either. 

Then something went wrong. He found himself overloaded with teaching responsibilities, deprived of time, equipment, or assistance for research, and, finally, at odds about his value to the school with the new chairman of its chemistry department. In 1909, he learned from Columbia classmate Colin G. Fink (co-author of that 1907 paper with Bodenstein on catalysis) about a summer job opportunity with Fink s employer. General Electric. Here was an escape route. On Monday I go to Schenectady and in all probability will do good enough work so that Whitney (the GE laboratory director) will offer me salary anywhere from 1200 to 1400 for the next year, he wrote his mother. 

Methodological pluralism, as understood in this paper, comprises both the diversities of research approaches and the resulting views on the world. The case of chemistry is particularly apt to illustrate pluralism of various kinds, such that this paper only adds to a longer list of previous work (e.g. Bachelard 1932 Hoffmann and Laszlo 1991 Chang 2012). As pluralism slowly gains acceptance in mainstream philosophy (e.g. KeUert et al. 2006), chemistry is expected to attract more attention, because there are valuable philosophical lessons to learn from it... 

Lather, P. (2006). (Post)feminist methodology Getting lost OR a scientificity we can bear to learn from. Paper presented at the research methods festival, Oxford, July. Retrieved October 22, 2006, from http //www.ccsr.ac.uk/methods/festival/programme/cfe/documents/lather.pdf Learning and Teaching Scotland. (1999). Financial education in Scottish schools A statement of position. Retrieved April 10, 2004, from http //www.ltscotland.org.uk/resources/ financial ed position paper.pd... 

Abels, S. (2012). Including students with special needs in inquiry-based science education—What can we learn from special needs education In S. Markic, I. EiUcs, D. di Fuccia, B. Ralle (Eds.), Issues of heterogeneity and cultural diversity in science education and science education research. A collection of invited papers inspired by the 21st symposium on chemical and science education held at the University of Dortmund, May 17-19, 2012 (pp. 163-174). Shaker Aachen. 

When the Colonel was asked about teaching and research some time ago he replied "They are one and the same. When I do research, I get materials for my lectures, and when I teach I get ideas for my research. Many of us have also learned from the Colonel how much one can teach while seeming to merely inquire about the day s research progress. Certainly, his research provided the rest of us with material for our teaching, and in many areas. His work on boranes and on carboxypeptidase are the standard textbook treatments already. He used group theory and symmetry extensively in his research., and his Harvard course on Molecular Symmetry and Molecular Orbitals provided a perspective not available from any of the standard texts. Writing - of papers, of books, of... 

To enable the success of a CL model it is essential to provide opportune and adequate feedback to students. More, their commitment on preparing the team projects has to be mirrored by similar effort from the lecturers. Such demands result in a severe additional workload. In Portugal (as in many other countries) the performance of lecturers is mostly based on their research work, measured, for example, as the number and type of research papers published, the capacity to attract research funding, the number of Ph.D. students completing their theses, etc. Thus, no or little accountability is made of the efforts to enhance student learning or the quality of the courses and programs. 

People in the industry formerly held the vague notion that polymers were unsuitable for application in the high-performance photonics field. Twenty odd years later, however, we have seen the birth of photonic polymers in applications such as the world s fastest plastic optical fiber (POP) and high-resolution displays. Research papers written in the first half of the twentieth century by Einstein and Debye, which delve into the essence of light scattering, have become my personal bibles. From them, 1 learned that the more we strive to achieve a breakthrough, the more important it is that we return to the fundamentals. 

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