Layout main flow lines

Piping Layout Main Process Flow Lines... 

A layout for the Super LWR NPP is drawn in Fig. 3.2 [2]. It is a two-loop system. The supercritical steam flows into the turbine system through the outlet nozzles of the RPV and the main steam lines. The water is pumped out of the condenser by a series of pumps and back to the reactor through the inlet nozzles. A series of low pressure and high pressure feedwater heaters are placed upstream and downstream from the main feedwater pumps, respectively, to preheat the cold water before it flows into the reactor. The safety system design and characteristics are discussed in Chap. 6 in detail. 

The factory has a flow line layout. Subassemblies are manufactured in workstations located on either side of the factory and transported to the centrally located main assembly line using a computer-controlled overhead conveyor system. Subassembly workstations Include ... 

The/low line layout uses the train or line system, which locates all the equipment in the order in which it occurs on the flow sheet. This minimizes the length of transfer lines and, therefore, reduces the energy needed to transport materials. This system is used extensively in the pharmaceutical industry, where each batch of a drug that is produced must be kept separate from all other batches. In other industries it is used mainly for small-volume products.3... 

To minimize contamination or mix-up, a third layout could be basic straight-line flow moving the materials along a critical path. The main advantage over the above-mentioned layouts is minimal crossover of materials, thus minimizing the potential... 

Figure 7-6 shows a plan of the feed gas compressor area for a 200,000 tons per year ethylene unit. Main pipe runs are also shown. It is an In-Line-Layout with equipment in process flow sequence. The large diameter gas lines directly interconnect process equipment. On the complete plot plan, equipment (including compressors) is arranged on both sides of a central yard in process flow sequence. Pumps are located at their point of suction and are lined up under the yard. A parallel road is arranged to every line of equipment for convenient construction and maintenance access. 

The second main component of the energy flowmeter is the Flow-Titrator. This is a modified Therm-Titrator and its basic layout is shown in Figure 2. The fuel sample stream is mixed with air and bnmed. The air flow is adjusted so that the air-fuel mixture being burned is essentially at the stoichiometric point. This stoichiometric air flow is then measured and is proportional to the rate at which energy is being dehveied in the main line. A continuous output from the energy flowmeter is displayed on a strip chart recorder as the percent of calibration reading for the instrument. 

In most apphcations, the use of a round shaft, using a circular plan layout is far preferable. The smooth, round inside diameter that a circular cross-section provides improved ventilation flow while providing a geomechanically stable envelope that is resistant to caves and deformation in all but the most challenging ground conditions. As most shafts are concrete lined, the addition of the liner adds to the stability of the envelope, reduces ventilation friction losses, and provides for a consistent geometry to attached shaft sets. The pros/cons of these two main varieties of layout are shown in Table 1. 

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