Laser scanning microscope

Wolleschensky R, Feurer T, Sauerbrey R and Simon U 1998 Characterization and optimization of a laser-scanning microscope in the femtosecond regime Appl. Phys. B 67 87-94... 

Vacha M, Yokoyama N, Tokizaki T, Furuki M and Tani T 1999 Laser scanning microscope for low temperature single molecule and microscale spectroscopy based on gradient index optics Rev. Sc/. Instrum. 70 2041-5... 

Spengler and Hubert (2002) describe a confocal laser scanning microscope used in conjunction with a TOF mass spectrometer, and also possessing ion imaging... 

Figure 4. DDC (A), serotonin (B), and tyrosine hydroxylase (C) immunore-activity in the posterior region of a wild-type Drosophila ventral ganglion. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) encodes the rate-limiting step in dopamine biosynthesis and is a marker for dopamine cells. B and C are the same CNS assayed for both serotonin and TH. M, medial dopamine neurons VL, ventrolateral serotonin neurons DL, dorsolateral dopamine neurons. Short unmarked arrows in C show vacuolated cells that do not contain DDC immunoreactivity. The immunoreactivity in these cells may represent a nonspecific cross-reactivity of the rat TH antibody. The length bar in A is 50 pM. The images are confocal projections generated on a Molecular Dynamics-2000 confocal laser scanning microscope.

Szabo, G., Pine, P., Weaver, J., Kasari, M. and Aszalos, A. (1992). Epitope mapping by photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements using a laser scanning microscope system. Biophys. J. 61, 661-70. 

Implementation of time domain FLIM methods is comparatively straightforward in laser scanning microscopes (LSMs). Here, pointscanning is used so that single channel lifetime detection suffices. In principle, standard fluorescence lifetime detection equipment developed for spectroscopy can be used in combination with point-scanning systems and a pulsed laser. 

Historically, this has been the most constrained parameter, particularly for confocal laser scanning microscopes that require spatially coherent sources and so have been typically limited to a few discrete excitation wavelengths, traditionally obtained from gas lasers. Convenient tunable continuous wave (c.w.) excitation for wide-held microscopy was widely available from filtered lamp sources but, for time domain FLIM, the only ultrafast light sources covering the visible spectrum were c.w. mode-locked dye lasers before the advent of ultrafast Ti Sapphire lasers. 

Fig. 9 Surface modification of cells with ssDNA-PEG-lipid. (a) Real-time monitoring of PEG-lipid incorporation into a supported lipid membrane by SPR. (r) A suspension of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) of egg yolk lecithin (70 pg/mL) was applied to a CH3-SAM surface. A PEG-lipid solution (100 pg/mL) was then applied, (ii) Three types of PEG-lipids were compared PEG-DMPE (C14), PEG-DPPE (C16), and PEG-DSPE (C18) with acyl chains of 14, 16, and 18 carbons, respectively, (b) Confocal laser scanning microscopic image of an CCRF-CEM cell displays immobilized FITC-oligo(dA)2o hybridized to membrane-incorporated oligo(dT)20-PEG-lipid. (c) SPR sensorigrams of interaction between oligo(dA)2o-urokinase and the oligo (dT)2o-PEG-lipid incorporated into the cell surface, (i) BSA solution was applied to block nonspecific sites on the oligo(dT)20-incorporated substrate, (ii) Oligo(dA)20-urokinase (solid line) or oligo(dT)20-urokinase (dotted line) was applied...

Fig. 10 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of islets with urokinase (UK) immobilized on the membrane. The green fluorescence indicates positive immunostaining for UK. (a) Islets were modified with oligo(dT)2o-PEG-lipid (C16) or (b) oligo(dT)2o-PEG-lipid (C18) then, oligo (dA)2o-UK was added to the media, (c) Unmodified islets with (left) and without (right) oligo (dT)20-PEG-lipids added to the solution. Insets. Bright field images. Scale bars 100 pm...

Prior DAM, Oparka KJ, Roberts IM. En bloc optical sectioning of resin-embedded specimens using a confocal laser scanning microscope. JMicrosc 1998 193 20-27. 

Excitation spectra of D API and Hoechst 3 3 342 are too short for most of the lasers and mirrors that are supplied with commercially available laser scanning microscopes, although these dyes can be imaged in conventional fluorescence microscopes with Xenon or Mercury arc discharge lamp or when using HeNe laser/UV system or multiple photon microscopy... 

BT 20 cells incubated in serum free medium for 10 hours with the vector/ DNA complexes (DQAplexes, C-DQAplexes). For control, cells were exposed to naked DNA and empty vesicles. The cells were then stained with Mitotracker Red CMXRos (Molecular Probes) for five minutes to enable the visualization of mitochondria followed by confocal fluorescence microscopic analysis on a Zeiss Meta 510 Laser Scanning Microscope. 

N. (1985) Three-dimensional microscopy using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Optics Lett. 10, 53-55. 

Fig. 23 Confocal laser scanning microscopic image of rhodamine-labeled SiP coated with PMMA brush The diameter of silica particle core is 230 nm, and the Mn of the graft polymer is 256000...

Light-matter interactions can be described via an induced polarization, i.e., the induced dipole moment per unit volume. Ultrafast laser pulses, which are used in laser scanning microscopes, have high enough intensity to induce a nonlinear polarization in various materials. For intense optical electric field E, the polarization vector P can be expanded in the power series (Boyd 1992)... 

The experiments have been performed on a setup that used the ps-OPO-based CARS system described above and a femtosecond Tiisapphire laser in conjunction with a commercial laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss, model LSM-510). The peripheral nerve samples were gained from C57/B6 wild-type mice. After removing the skin from the lower extremities from freshly sacrificed mice, the saphenous nerve is exposed as it runs very conveniently for excision along the saphenous vein, without too much additional fatty tissue and a favorable tissue thickness of less than 20 m. A 500- m long piece is excised and freed from additional fatty tissue as well as the collagenous nerve sheath. The myelinated nerve tissue is fixed for 3-5 hr in 4% PEA or 10% formalin and mounted on 100-pm thick coverslips that are treated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or a chromium potassium sulfate solution. After... 

Moriguchi, K., Utsumi, M., Maeda, H., Kameyama, Y., and Ohno, N. 1999. Confocal laser scanning microscopic observation and cytochrome oxidase activity in the hamster submandibular gland using microwave irradiated fixation. Proc. Scanning 27 161-162. 

Marttin, E., et al. 1997. Confocal laser scanning microscopic visualization of the transport of dextrans after nasal administration to rats Effects of absorption enhancers. Pharm Res 14 631. 

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