Lakes monitoring stations

Water monitoring stations are well marked and well studied locations at which water properties can be measured continuously or periodically, and representative water samples can be collected for laboratory analyses. Examples include sites along rivers, lakes, ponds, sea shores, piezometers, wells (both operating and observation wells), and springs. 

We ended up with a station net containing 110 national monitoring stations in lakes, where some were reference stations and the rest were nominated as trend stations. The geographical distribution of the lakes is shown in Figure 2.1.6. 

This net of 110 lakes corresponds to national monitoring stations. Some more lake stations will be added by the county administrative boards when they make their decisions on regional monitoring. This regional monitoring effort is not of the same extent as the national net, but about 50% more lakes are likely to be added. This regional revision process will not be completed until tlie end of 2008. 

Forbes, M. and Afghan, B.K. 1987, Analytical Protocol for Monitoring Ambient Water Quality at the Niagra-On-The-Lake and Fort Erie Stations. Canada Centre for Inland Waters Burlington, Ontario, Canada. 

Hydrological monitoring is based on data collected from 1000 gauging stations in rivers, lakes and water reservoirs. Information on the water levels is supplied in 10 minute cycles. Water level gauges used by hydrological stations are either electric sensors for hydrostatic pressure or optical sensors. The hydrological monitoring system is of key importance for flood risk evaluation and for prevention of flood effects. 

In Central Asia, the measurements of vertical profiles of concentration and the optical characteristics of stratospheric and tropospheric aerosol have been conducted since 1988 at the Lidar Station Teplokluchenka (Kyrgyz Republic), with the use of a laser-location method. The high mountain Lidar Station Teplokluchenka (LST) is located over 2000 m above sea level, southeast of a high mountain lake Issyk-Kul in Central Tien-Shan (42.5° N, 78.4" E). It is a xmique scientific station for complex monitoring of tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol by lidar in the center of the Asian part of the global geoecological system. LST was established in 1987. 

To understand and evaluate the distribution and availability of organic substances and metals, fish are collected from 32 lake sites and taken to a specimen bank. Some of these fish sampling stations have been run continuously since 1964, but others are more recent. The species normally used are perch and arctic char, and in a few cases pike and roach. The sites for specimen banking are, with two exceptions, situated at stations for reference or trend monitoring to get information from supporting parameters. A... 

In short, tire national surveillance monitoring net consists of 110 annually monitored reference or trend stations. In addition, 800 stations per year are monitored once every sixth year, which adds up to a total of 4910 monitored lakes in the six year monitoring cycle of the Water Framework Directive. 

Basic Water-Monitoring Program U.S. EPA Water, sediments, fish, shellfish Nationwide network of lake, river, estuary, and ocean stations emphasis on PCBs and pesticides... 

Gopher populations. Pocket gopher populations were monitored on control and treatment areas at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, B.C. from Septemter 1983 to July 1984 and on control, pulse-removal control, and pulse-removal treatment areas in Kalamalka Lake Park, Vernon, B.C. from April 1984 to May 1985. These study areas were located in natural habitats near extensive blocks of orchards. 

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