Laboratories, Rouse

R. D. Daley, Ayerst Laboratories, Rouses Point, New York E. Debesis, Hoffmann-LaRoche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey... 

Engleman R Jr, Rouse P E, Peek H M and Biamonte V D 1970 Beta and gamma band systems of nitric oxide Los Aiamos Scientific Laboratory Report no LA-4364... 

Peyton Rous in his laboratories at the Rockefeller University, and Isaac Berenblum of the Weitzman Institute in Israel, together with Philipe Shubik were, back in the 1940s, the first to reveal that certain chemicals, apparently not carcinogenic themselves, could somehow... 

It is now almost exactly 50 years since I went as a postdoctoral fellow learn about cell culture in Harry Rubin s group in the Virus Laboratory at the University of California at Berkeley. The use of cell cultures had created the breakthroughs in quantitative animal virology, which led, inter alia, to the production of polio vaccines (albeit at the cost of the lives of hundreds of thousands of rhesus monkeys, whose kidney cells were used to produce the viruses for the vaccines). We worked on Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and chicken leucosis viruses in chick embryo fibroblast cell cultures. Rubin and Temin had developed an assay for RSV, based on the production of foci of virus-transformed fibroblasts, and Temin did the crucial experiments which showed that RSV, an RNA virus, made a DNA copy of itself, which was used to produce new virus particles. The enzyme involved was reverse transcriptase, and its discovery was one of the most important leaps forward in cell and molecular biology. 

See Rouse, Knowledge and Power, pp. 58-68 M. Lynch, Art and Artifact in Laboratory Science (London Roudedge and Kegan Paul, 1985), p. 10. 

Current address Ayerst Laboratories, Inc., Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Rouses Point, NY 12979. 

In 1952 Charles Coulson was elected to the Rouse-Ball Chair in applied mathematics as mentioned in Section 7.5.1. His deep interest was in chemical bonding, which through the development of wave mechanics had become in effect a branch of mathematics. It did not appear, however, that Hinshelwood considered the intrusion of this type of mathematics into chemistry to be of great consequence, see Section 7.5.1. In 1972 a chair in a separate theoretical chemistry department was made available for Coulson and after his death in 1974 it became known as the Coulson Chair of Theoretical Chemistry. M.S. Child (1966) and D.B. Abraham (1972) were appointed earlier to lectureships in this department. Coulson was succeeded by N.H. March (1975) and as a consequence at the end of the next section we shall relate how the theoretical chemistry chair with it a distinct department were for a while almost lost to chemistry and were then incorporated into physical chemistry in 1994. However, there were several theoretical chemists appointed in the physical chemistry laboratory well before 1980. 

Franco M. Pasutto, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada Thomas W. Rosanske, Marion Merrell Dow, Inc., Kansas City, Kansas 64134 Charles M. Shearer, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Rouses Point, New York 12979 Delores J. Sprankle, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285... 

Hesse was actively involved in the development of the turbine proposed by Lester A. Pelton (1829-1909) by providing the original sketch of a split bucket. As stated by Rouse it is of note that whereas Pelton experimented first in this field of hydromachinery, with buckets improvised from oyster cans, a model made from patterns supplied by Pelton had been tested in 1883 by Hesse in his hydraulic laboratory . Pelton took out a second patent of his turbine in 1889 on small details, and this was followed by others on improvements of the bucket shape and in 1900 on the first needle nozzle. Hesse s laboratory appears to have been the first in the USA. Unfortunately, all that is known about it is found only in a printed report published in 1883, supplemented by a colleague of Hesse relating to the efficiency of a Pelton imit. 

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