Ku Shen

D Lu (Veratri nigri radix et rhizoma) is incompatible with Ren Shen (Ginseng radix), Sha Shen - Bei Sha Shen (Glehniae radix)/Nan Sha Shen (Adenophorae radix), Ku Shen [Sophorae flavescentis radix), Xuan Shen... 

Ku Shen enters the Heart meridian and can treat heat in the Heart the heat is also transported to the Small Intestine. It has the strongest function of clearing damp-heat among these three herbs and it can effectively treat infectious skin diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, scabies and fungi. 

Ku Shen fSophorae flavescentis radix,) and Ze Xie (Alismatis rhizoma)... 

Red, itchy and weeping skin disorder use Bai Xian Pi [Dictamni cortex), Di Fu Zi [Kochiae fructus) and Ku Shen [Sophorae flavescentis radix) to clear heat and dry dampness. 

Sophora falvescens (Ku shen) contains a variety of matrine alkaloids, such as aloperine, cytosine, lehman-nine, matrine, oxymartine, oxysophocarpine, sophocar-pine, sophoramine, and sophoridine, the flavonoid kushenol, and the saponin sophoraflavoside. Ku shen is a Chinese herbal remedy made from the root of S. falvescens. And Qing luo yin, a Chinese herbal remedy for rheumatoid arthritis, is a combination of extracts of Dioscorea hypoglauca, Phellodendron amurense, Sinomenium acutum, and S. flavescens. 

A herbal record lists the following adverse effects of Ku shen salivation, abnormal gait, dyspnea, tachycardia (71). In larger doses, nervous system stimulation with muscle spasm and seizures can occur. There have been three reports of adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, bradycardia, palpitation, ataxia, pallor, sweating, seizures, and dysphasia. 

Drew AK, Bensoussan A, Whyte IM, Dawson AH, Zhu X, Myers SP. Chinese herbal medicine toxicology database monograph on Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, ku shen . J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2002 40(2) 173-6. 

Melilotus officinalis (sweet clover) Myroxylon species (balsam of Peru) Pithecollobium jiringa (jering fruit) Sophora falvescens (Ku shen) Trifolium pratense (red clover) Gentiana species (gentian)... 

Sophora falvescens (ku shen) Fabaceae (pea) Caiamus root Acorus calamus... 

Ku shen Sophora falvescens White bryony Bryonia alba... 

For severe eczema and itching of the lower part of the body, add Semen Arecae Catechu (Bing Lang) and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (Ku Shen). 

For damp heat in the lower burner, add Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Ku Shen), Cortex Phellodendri Huang Bai), and Talcum Hua Shi). 

Cortex Dictamnus dasycarpus (bai xian pi) and Radix Sophora flavescens (ku shen), is commonly used to treat hematochezia, anal bulge, and constipation caused by hemorrhoids. The State Food and Drug Administration of China (SFDA) has received several reports of adverse reactions to Zhi xue capsule in recent years [7, 8 ]. Up to September 2008, 35 cases of adverse reactions associated with Zhi xue capsule had been reported, of which 21 were associated with abnormal liver function, cholestatic hepatitis, and drug-induced liver damage. After withdrawal and symptomatic treatment, there was full recovery in eight cases, and the rest improved markedly. 

Grant, Balaram Gupta, Alice Ku, Gao Liang, Henry Lin, Christine Lui, Chuck McFarland, Ripu Malhotra, Y. K. Mo, Dick Porter, Surya Prakash (who later in Los Angeles became my close colleague and a wonderful friend, see Chapter 8), George Salem, Jacob Shen, John Staral, Jim Svoboda, Paul Szilagyi, and John Welch. 

To enhance their therapeutic effect, they are used with other herbs that also have the function of softening hardness to dissipate nodules, such as Mu Li (Ostrea concha), Huang Yao Zi (Dioscoreae bulb-iferae rhizoma), Zhe Bei Mu (Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus), Xia Ku Cao (Prunellae spica) and Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae radix). 

Ku Y, Chang J-L, Shen Y-S, Lin S Y (1998) Decomposition of Diazinon in aqueous solution by ozonation, Water Research 32 1957-1963. 

The effect of UV light intensity on the decomposition of organics by the UV/ ozone process was studied by Ku and Shen (1999). The removal efficiency of three chloroethenes increased with increasing light intensity and could be as high as 95%. The treatment efficiency of chloroethenes by the UV/ozone process was found to be much higher than for direct photolysis under various UV light intensities. 

Correlation between kinetic rate constants and EHOMO for chloromethanes with different UV intensities. Experimental conditions T = 40°C, pH = 7, [Os] = 360 ppmv. (Data from Shen, Y.S. and Ku, Y., Chemosphere, 38(8), 1855-1866, 1999.)... 

Ku, Y., Su, W.-J., and Shen, Y.-S., Destruction rate of volatile organochlorine compounds in water by ozonation with ultraviolet radiation, Indust. Eng. Chem. Res., 35, 3369-3373, 1996b. 

Shen, Y.S. and Ku, Y., Treatment of gas-phase volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by... 

Y. Ku, C.M. Ma, Y.S. Shen, Decomposition of gaseous trichloroethylene in a photoreactor with TiC>2-coated nonwoven fiber textile, Appl. Catal. B Environ. 34 (2001) 181-190. 

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