Koch studies

Tomas Koch is a principal in McKinsey s Seoul office where he heads the Asian chemicals practice. He joined the Firm in 1992 and has led a variety of strategic, operational, and organizational engagements in the chemical industry. Tomas Koch studied economics and physics and has a PhD in polymer physics from the University of Freiburg. 

Hydroformylation involves the addition of H2 and CO to a C=C bond to yield aldehydes, and is one of the most important industrial processes [60]. The first example of the homogeneous hydroformylation in SCCO2 was described by Rathke [61.]. The solubility of rhodium catalysts is better in SCCO2 (also in conventional solvents) compared with the cobalt systems. Leitner and Koch studied the Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of various alkenes in SCCO2 and found a higher reaction rate compared to that in organic solvents [62]. A maximum turnover frequency (TOF) of 1345 h could be achieved (Scheme 13.11). 

Propylene-Based Routes. The strong acid-catalyzed carbonylation of propylene [115-07-1] to isobutyric acid (Koch reaction) followed by oxidative dehydration to methacrylic acid has been extensively studied since the 1960s. The principal side reaction in the Koch reaction is the formation of oligomers of propylene. Increasing yields of methacrylic acid in the oxydehydration step is the current focus of research. Isobutyric acid may also be obtained via the oxidation of isobutyraldehyde, which is available from the hydroformylation of propylene. The -butyraldehyde isomer that is formed in the hydroformylation must be separated. 

The interaction of a simple fluid with a single chemically heterogeneous substrate has also been studied. Koch et al. consider a semiinfinite planar substrate with a sharp junction between weakly and strongly attractive portions and investigate the influence of this junction on the density profile of the fluid in front of the substrate [172-174]. Lenz and Lipowsky, on the other hand, are concerned with formation and morphology of micrometer droplets [175]. 

The two main reasons for studying the reversible reaction (3) were (a) to complete the picture of the Koch reaction in terms of quantitative information and (b) to set up a scale of reactivity towards a neutral nucleophile for carbonium ions of different structure. The first item is important from a practical point of view because there are reactions competing with the carbonylation step (3), which can be divided into intramolecular and intermolecular processes. Rearrangement of the intermediate alkylcarbonium ion, e.g. 

An overall kinetic study on the Koch synthesis of succinic acid from acrylic acid and carbon monoxide in SO3—HaS04 has recently been reported (Sngita et. al., 1970). 

Wiberg and Koch 167) also disagreed with Littler s results, and found that the major product (75%) obtained on treatment of cyclohexanone with aqueous thallium(III) perchlorate was cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (XL). 2-Hydroxycyclohexanone was isolated in only 3 % yield unchanged starting material accounted for the remainder of the product. Wiberg and Koch were unable to detect any cyclohexane-1,2-dione in the product mixture, but did prove that 2-hydroxycyclohexanone did not function as the precursor to the ring-contracted acid. From the results obtained from a study of the oxidation of 2,2,6,6-[Pg.196]

Hrusak, J., Hertwig, R.H., Schroder, D.H., Schwerdtfeger, P., Koch, W. and Schwarz, H. (1995) Relativistic Effects in Cationic Gold(I)-Ligand Complexes A Comparative Study of Ah Initio Pseudopotential and Density Frmctional Methods. Organometallics, 14,1284—1291. 

Oxidatively modified LDL up-regulates the surfece expression of VCAM-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in cultured endothelial cells, promoting the interactions between both cell types (Kume et al., 1992). This may play a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis by promoting the penetration of circulating monocytes into the suben-dothelial space whilst inhibiting the mobility of resident macrophages. It has been previously demonstrated that ICAM-1, E-selectin, and VCAM-1 are up-regulated in the microvasculature of rheumatoid but not control synovium (Corkill et al., 1991 Koch et al., 1991). The association between ox-LDL and increased expression of adhesion molecules in the inflamed synovium has yet to be studied. 

Halkier, A., Koch, H., Jprgensen, P., Christiansen, O., Nielsen, I. M. B., Helgaker, T., 1997, A Systematic Ab Initio Study of the Water Dimer in Hierarchies of Basis Sets and Correlation Models , Theor. Chem. Acc., 97, 150. 

Hertwig, R. H., Koch, W., 1995, On the Accuracy of Density Functionals and Their Basis Set Dependence An Extensive Study on the Main Group Element Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules Li2 to Br2 , J. Comput. Chem, 16, 576. 

Carraro JC, Raynaud JP, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia a randomized international study of 1098 patients. Prostate 4 231-240, 1996. 

To test this point, McKeon and Koch examined the preparative scale electrochemical reduction of the diaxial bromides 43 and 46 in aqueous DMF 49>. They found only the corresponding olefins as products, under analytical conditions which could have detected as little as 3% of the alkanes, had they been formed. It is unfortunate that a dibromide for which = 90° was not investigated by these workers. Reduction of such a compound ought to be stepwise, and alkane could be formed, especially in a proton-donating medium. Finally, Nelson and coworkers have suggested from their study of a series of rigid vi-... 

Koch, K. R. Miller, J. Westra, A. N. On the liquid-liquid extraction of Pt(IV/II) from hydrochloric acid by N-Acyl(aroyl)-N, N -dialkylthioureas a multinuclear (1H, 13C and 195Pt) NMR speciation study of the extracted complexes. International Solvent Extraction Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, Mar. 17—21, 2002, 327-334. 

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