Knee prosthesis

Carbon Fibers. Indeed, carbon fiber reinforced PE and a heat pressed PE have shown relatively poor wear resistance when used as the tibial components of total knee prosthesis (23). 

Acute renal insufficiency occurred in an 83-year-old woman after two-stage revision of an infected knee prosthesis with gentamicin-impregnated beads and block spacers (36). The combined use of beads and a cement block spacer, both gentamicin impregnated, may have caused this severe complication. 

The decreased coagulation FVIII level occurred postoperatively in a patient receiving rAHF-PFM via continuous infusion for placement of total knee prosthesis. The clearance rate increased 10 days... 

Plastic-metal combinations are now used in most knee prostheses. The knee prosthesis and numerous variations of this style utilize metal runners attached to the bottom of the femur that ride on HDPE tracks that are cemented on the tibia. The two parts of this prosthesis are each cemented into the bones with poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement and are maintained in the proper relative positions to each other largely through the cartilage, tendons, and ligaments of the knee region. The spherocentric knee prosthesis is a more complicated device that involves a ball-in-socket arrangement similar to the Charney hip prosthesis. This device also utilizes a metal ball in a HDPE socket (1, 42). 

Figure 7. Hydroxylapatite plasma sprayed on various femoral stems (top) and a femoral component of the knee prosthesis showing hydroxylapatite on the internal surface (bottom).

Figure 3(a) Contours of Freeman-Swanson Knee Prosthesis Tibial Component (Initial Design). 

Figure 4a. Contours of Leeds Knee Prosthesis Tibial Component prior to test in knee joint simulator (Ah = 1.75 /im).

Aeyels, B., Peeraer, L., Van der Sloten, J., and Van der Perre, G., Development of an above-knee prosthesis equipped with a microprocessor-controlled knee joint first test results, /. Biomed. Eng. 14 199-202,1992. 

Seedhom, B.B., Longton, E.B., Dowson, D., and Wright, V. Biomechanics background in the design of total replacement knee prosthesis. Acta Orthop. Belgica Tome 39, Ease 1,164-180,1973. 

The externally controlled knee is a recent development that provides some solutions that fulfill the said requirements. Two microprocessor controlled pneumatic knee prosthesis using the Kobe technology [82] are available the EndoHte Intelligent Prosthesis (Blatchford and Sons, London, UK) and the Seattle Limb Systems Power Knee (Seattle Limb Systems, Seattle, WA). InteUigent Prosthesis was first developed in 1993 and an improved version was further introduced in 1995 (InteUigent Prosthesis Plus) and 1998 (Adaptive Prosthesis) [83]. 

Popovic, D. B., Tomovic, R., Schwirtlich, L., and Tepavac, D. 1991. Control aspects of an active above-knee prosthesis. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 35,751-767. 

Preoperative (A) and [xjstoperative (B) radiographs of a Total Condylar knee prosthesis. The components are well [xjsitioned. (Reprinted with permission from Walker, RS. 1977. Human joints and their artificial replacements. Springfield, IL CC Thomas Publisher.)... 

As discussed by Walker (1989), many other types of bicondylar cruciate-sacrificing knee designs were conceived in the 1970s (Figure 7.12). The Freeman-Swanson knee prosthesis (Freeman, Swanson, and Todd 1973), developed at... 

Freeman M.A., S.A. Swanson, and R.C. Todd. 1973. Total replacement of the knee using the Rreeman-Swanson knee prosthesis. Clin Orthop 94 153-170. 

Insall J., W.N. Scott, and C.S. Ranawat. 1979. The total condylar knee prosthesis. A report of two hundred and twenty cases. / Bone Joint Surg 61 173-180. 

On the other hand, survivorship alone does not fully capture the clinical performance of UHMWPE in the knee. Surface damage and wear of the UHMWPE insert are also important measures of clinical performance of knee arfhroplasty. If a knee prosthesis survives the first 10 years of implantation, wear behavior... 

Sanzen L., A. Sahlstrom, C.R Gentz, and I.R. Johnell. 1996. Radiographic wear assessment in a total knee prosthesis. 5- to 9-year follow-up study of 158 knees. 7 Arthroplasty 11 738-742. 

Thadani P.J., K.G. Vince, S.G. Ortaaslan, et al. 2000. Ten- to 12-year followup of the Insall-Burstein I total knee prosthesis. Clin Orthop 380 17-29. 

Alumina and zirconia ceramics are also being used for alveolar ridge reconstruction (20), maxillofacial reconstruction, as ossicular bone substitutes (21), and in ophthalmology (22), knee prosthesis (8), bone screws as well as other applications as dental biomaterials, such as dental crown core, post, bracket and inlay (23,24). 

Rose, R.M., Ries, M.D., Paul, I.L., Crugnola, A.M. and Ellis, E. (1984) On the true wear rate of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in the total knee prosthesis, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 18, 207-224. 

Polymers can be used in the sliding parts of joints. Poly(tetrafluoroethy-lene) (PTFE) was proposed, thanks to its excellent sliding properties. However, PTFE does not resist friction under compression and is rapidly crushed, leading to loosening of the prosthesis. Ultra-high-density polyethylene is used in the hip when the head of the femoral part is made of stainless steel, and in the joint of the tibia in the knee prosthesis. 

Lower-limb-powered prostheses are another example of mobility robotic aids. In the past 30 years, the rapid advances in prosthetic technology resulted in a number of devices that improve the functional mobility and quality of life in individuals with lower-limb amputations [94]. Focusing on above-knee amputation, knee prosthesis design varies from the very simple single-axis knee to high-tech microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees, such as the C-Leg from Ottobock [95]. One of the most important advancements in the... 

Orhanli, T., Finite State Control of Semiactive Knee Joint with Pneumatic Damper and a Test Platform Design for Testing Knee Prosthesis. Hacettepe University, 2014. 

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