Kitchen environment

The methods used to construct and incorporate white goods appliances into the kitchen environment have developed, with refrigeration equipment often being an integral part of the total storage space. This has enabled redesign, and a recent development has been the use of a... 

Wolfe NL, Kitchens BE, Macalady DL, et al. 1986. Physical and chemical factors that influence the anaerobic degradation of methyl parathion in sediment systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 5 1019-26. 

It should be emphasized that mankind has come and still comes into contact with fullerene in everyday life. Pristine fullerene C60 itself can be found in our environment, e.g., in the soot produced by free burning of hydrocarbons like benzene and cyclohexane, as well as in charcoal, though in very small amounts (Shibuya et al., 1999) and in the kitchen (in natural gas combustion streams) (Bang et al., 2004 Murr and Soto, 2005). The impact of these natural sources is rather negligible though with the growth of production of fullerenes it could lead to much more serious environment pollution and be (or could not ) of a hazard to some extent. 

Food contamination may result from transmission of lead from glaze, enamel, or tinning on kitchen dishes, or from the lead on surfaces of containers or pipes used for storage, processing and transportation of food products. The occurrence of lead in food can also result from environmental contamination, as plants and animals may assimilate lead during growth and incorporate it into their tissues. The level of lead found in plant tissues is proportional to its concentration in the environment, and in cases of animals, the feed and water supplies also play important roles (Vreman et al., 1988 McLaughlin et ah, 1999 Sedki et ah, 2003). 

I was determined to use cloth diapers, and to be the most environ mentally friendly mommy I could be, so I signed up with a diaper service, those nice people who drive around L.A. in natural-gas-powered trucks and recycle their water. (A process I didn t want to know too much about.) Also, we lived in a one-bedroom apartment with no washing machine or dryer, which may have been a factor in my decision to use the diaper service, as opposed to spending every waking hour of my life washing diapers in the kitchen sink. 

Nagy E, Jobst K. 1994a. Aluminum dissolved from kitchen utensils. Bull Environ Contain Toxicol 52 396-399. 

They didn t know about Shifty at the hospital, her thoughts on the universe sex and religion or what she got up to after hours, just like they didn t know what the head of Gastroenterology did in city toilets. They didn t know about the Professor at university, his acid parties and husky school trade. At the office, interstate, they didn t know about James, his repertoire of outfits like a book of bad fairy tales cataloguing almost twenty years on the dancefloor and his true passion music. Slip s buried as well beneath kitchen chores four nights a week. They knew a little of Turkish Jim, Bee and Holmes in their more lateral work environments, just as they had glimpsed Billy s other lives... 

The new Dolphin retirement village at Gomera, in The Canary Islands, was officially opened yesterday by the Minister for the Environment who praised the fact that it was entirely self-sufficient in energy. All cottages are equipped with fitted kitchens and entertainment facilities and are fully air-conditioned thanks to Super-Glass windows and roofs. 

Biby EM, Vbrstrabtb W (1999) The Use of a UV Lamp for Control of Odour Decomposition of Kitchen and Vegetable Waste, Environ. Technol. 20 331—335. 

In terms of the Pourbaix potential/pH diagrams, the theoretical scale compares the potentials of immunity of the different metals, while the practical scale compares the potentials of passivation. But this is not enough either. The real scale depends on the environment with which the structure will be in contact during service. Passivity, as we have seen, depends on pH. It also depends on the ionic composition of the electrolyte, particularly the concentration of chloride ions or other species that are detrimental to passivity. Finally, one must remember that construction materials are always alloys, never the pure metals. The tendency of a metal to be passivated spontaneously can depend dramatically on alloying elements. For example, an alloy of iron with 8% nickel and 18% chromium (known as 304 stainless steel) is commonly used for kitchen utensils. This alloy passivates spontaneously and should be ranked, on the practical scale of potentials, near copper. If... 

Buchkowski, A. G., and Kitchen, J. A. (1995). In Second Biomass Conference of the Americas Energy, Environment, Agriculture, and Industry, p. 410, NREL/CP-200-8098, DE95009230. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO. 

There are many different subspecies or serotypes of Salmonella spp. capable of sickening humans (Chin and Ascher 2000), and they occur in a variety of different environments. Salmonella spp. may occur in water, soil, insects, factory and kitchen surfaces, animal feces, and raw meats, poultry, and seafood. The bacteria can be isolated from these sources and grown. Most typically, salmonellosis outbreaks in the United States occur because of improperly cooked food such as meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs improperly prepared fruits, vegetables, milk, and other food and drinks or via improperly washed hands, food contact surfaces, and utensils. There are approximately 40,000 salmonellosis cases resulting in approximately 600 deaths each year reported in the United States. Additionally, there are roughly 400 cases of typhoid fever recorded in the United States annually, but 75% of them are associated with international travel. Immediate medical attention significantly reduces mortality, but the case fatality rate is 12-30% in untreated cases (Murray et al. 2005). 

Wolfe, N. L., B. E. Kitchens, D. L. Macalady, and T. J. Grundl (1986), Physical and Chemical Factors that Influence the Anaerobic Degradation of Methyl Parathion in Sediment Systems, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 5, 1019-1026. 

The problem is that in order to fulfd the increasingly ambitious claims for their products, manufacturers rely on combinations of chemicals that can be harsh and highly toxic. Many of these products easily evaporate or give off gases that can contaminate the air indoors. If a cleaner can instantly strip a kitchen tile of years of accumulated grease, what might it do to your skin or your body s cells if you happen to breathe it in, or to the natural environment ... 

If autoclaving grain media outside The laboratory in an unsterile environment (a kitchen, for instance), be sure to clean the outside of the pressure cooker before bringing it into the sterile inoculating room. 

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