Japanese Ministry of Education

This research was supported by the Environmental Protection Agency (Grant No. EPA 809561). K.F.H. gratefully acknowledges the Japanese Ministry of Education for a research scholarship. Also this work would not have been completed without the kindness and support of Professor T. Yasunaga and Drs. M. Sasaki, T. Ikeda, and N. Mikami of Hiroshima University. The authors wish to thank Dr. V. Tripathi for his help in the computer modeling of the equlibrium data. 

The authors are very thankful to the editor of the volume, D. A. Mazziotti, for the encouragement to write this chapter, and also to B. J. Braams for providing valuable comments. The first two authors were supported by fellowships from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Grant-in-Aids for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. 

The author thanks Professor S. Ogawa, Drs. K. Tadano, T. Toyokuni, and N. Chida for their faithful collaboration in this research. The financial support of the work by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science- and Culture, and by the Asahi Glass Foundation for Industrial Technology is gratefully acknowledged. 

I thank my co-workers whose names appear in the references for their enthusiasm in carrying out the biochemical and synthetic works. Financial support of this project by Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture is acknowledged with thanks. 

We would like to acknowledge Hironobu Naiki (Fukui University), Tetsushi Wazawa (Tohoku University), Kenichi Morigaki (AIST), and Daizo Hamada (Kobe University) for their support and encouragement. This work was supported by the Grants-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowships for Young Scientists to TB. 

The author would like to thank Dr. Fuchigami for his help in the initial stage of this work. This work is supported by the Girant-in-Aid for Scientihc Research on Priority Areas Control of Molecules in Intense Laser Fields from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture. 

This research was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 14350452 and 16205024 from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture and by Technology Research Grant Program from the NEDO of Japan. M.A.B.H.S. also acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from JSPS. In addition the authors are thankful to Dr. Kikuko Hayamizu for her useful discussions and support in conducting NMR experiments. 

Thanks are due to H.-S. Ji, K.-H. Lee and K. Yano for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Work in our laboratories was supported by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture Large-scale Research Projects, under the New Program in Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research. 

The present work was performed with the approval of the Photon Factory Advisory Committee (Proposal No. 95G190). This work has been partially supported by Grant-in-Aids (c) (No. 11640618 and No. 09640660) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture. 

Sumio Umezawa served on many committees of academic societies and the Japanese Ministry of Education. He was president of the Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan(1964), served as Vice-President (1965-1966) and President (1980-1981) of the Chemical Society of Japan, and was given honorary membership by the Society in 1981. He was a member of the Editorial Board (1953-1990) and emeritus member (1991-2000) of the Journal of Antibiotics. He was also a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Carbohydrate Research (1974-1990). He was an expert member of the Science Technology Council to the Cabinet and an expert member of the University Establishment Council at the Ministry of Education. He served as vice-president (1972-1994) and president (1994-2000) of the Microbial Chemistry Research Formdation and as a councilor of many societies, including the Japan Antibiotics Research Association (Tokyo) (1948-1995) and the Japan Chemotherapy Research Association (Tokyo) (1959-2000). 

The authors express their sincere thanks to Prof. I. Yamazaki, Dr. N. Tamai, and Prof. K. Yoshihara for their fruitful discussion and help. The present work is supported partly by Grant-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture (59850146, 61470006, 63612510) and by the Joint... 

Y. Sakai, Dr. K. Mogi, Mr. M. Tanaka, Mr. H. Ishimi, Miss E. Oda, Mr. M. Hisano, and Mr. T. Tanoue, for their contribution to the studies reviewed here. This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture (Nos. 06453026 and 09440201), the Iwatani Naoji Foundation, the Showa Shell Petroleum Foundation for Environmental Research, the Mitsubishi Foundation, and Kyushu University Interdisciplinary Progams in Education and Projects in Research Development (2001). 

We thank Rohm and Haas Co. for providing technical grade chemicals used in our studies described here. The technical assistance of A1 Lane was invaluable in the our experiments reported here. J.L. Wickliff, S.H. Duke, and G.W. Elzen provided helpful criticisms. This work was supported in part by the Fulbright/ Ministry of Education and Science, Madrid, Spain and the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Ryo Sato generously provided a copy of his Ph.D. Thesis. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT the work was partly supported by a grant from Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (No. 01621503). 

Acknowledgments This work was supported by a Grant in aid from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports and Technology ( 19659286 to FF). 

The authors thank the Japanese Ministry of Education, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and Polish Ministry of Education for their financial support under the bilateral cooperation programs between Japan and Poland, Research Project of Environmental Technology Development Eund of Japanese Ministry of Environment (2003-2005), and also Frontier Research Project (2002-2006) of Japanese Ministry of Education and Aichi Institute of Technology. They are thankful for the cooperation of their collaborators in each laboratory. They express their sincere thanks to L.R. Radovic, editor of this book, for his kind advice and editing of this review. 

J. Wu, and T. Akaike, R. Duncan, and T. Konno to name a few. Work was supported by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture as Grant-in-Aid for Science Research in Cancer and General Section. A large part of this article is published in references 63, 64 by H. Maeda Journal of Controlled Release 2001. 

Twice he received the prestigious Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Award for stays at Osaka University (1978) and Hokkaido University (1989). He was an Invited Professor at Iwate University (1990/91), Morioka, sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Education. In 1993 he organized, as director, a NATO Academic Study Institute on the properties of electrons in different phases of matter. He has acted as consultant for Exxon-Research, New Jersey, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Rome, and CERN, Geneva. 

This work was supported in part by the JST-ULP Supermolecules Joint Research Project. We thank the Japanese Ministry of Education (Monbusho) for a sabbatical grant to T. E. and the Universite Louis Pasteur for a guest position to T. E. For confocal microscopy experiments, we are indebted to Dr. Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz. 

Acknowledgments We would like to appreciate Prof. Y. Matsushita and Dr. M. Imai at University of Tokyo for helping the SANS experiments. The SANS experiments were done under the approval of the Neutron Scattering Program Advisory Committee (Proposal No. 96-107). One of the authors (H.S.) was supported from a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 07740329) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. 

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