IUPAC naming conventions

As well as finessing the use of p and r in "inorganic" nomenclature, the proposed nomenclature discards the entire kappa convention [48]+. The molecule illustrated in Figure 25, which has the IUPAC name [2(-diphenylphosphino-Kp)-phenyl-KC1]hydrido (triphenylphosphine-Kp)nickel(II), using the phenyl abbreviation described in the footnote on page 55, would be named ... 

Not only are some inorganic compounds named using the kappa convention, others augment this kappa convention with a "priming" convention [49], All of these are, similarly, made obsolete by the proposed system. For example, the ion illustrated in Figure 25, which IUPAC names as aqua[(l,2-ethanediyldinitrilo-K2N,N ) (tetraacetato-K30,0",0 " )]cobaltate (1-) would be named as ... 

Figure 16-1. DNA and RNA nucleobases structure and labeling with their conventional name and, within parentheses, the IUPAC name and the abbreviation...

Isotopic designators in chemical names Naming conventions generally follow lUPAC rules (Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1979, 51, 353-380 www.iupac.org/publications/pac/) ( brackets preceding name of labeled unit )... 

When the same number and kinds of substituents are carried by the two aromatic radicals, the IUPAC system simply numbers the substituents in a conventional manner, whereas the Chemical Abstracts system names the compound as an assembly of identical units with the prefix azodi- preceding the name of the unsubstituted parent compound ... 

Conventions for naming inorganic compounds are established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and are reviewed on a continuing basis. The following rules cover only the more commonly encountered complexes. 

Dienes and trienes are named according to the IUPAC convention by replacing the -ane ending of the alkane with -adiene or -atriene and locating the positions of the double bonds by number. The stereoisomers are identified as E or Z according to the rules established in Chapter 5. 

There are several conventions to indicate the configuration of a stereocenter. The most precise is the IUPAC system that names the configuration around a stereocenter as R (for right handed rectus) or S (for left handed sinister). You have probably seen the R/S descriptors on drug information sheets. The details of the R/S system are beyond our purposes here, but any standard organic chemistry text will discuss how to assign these descriptors. 

The accepted conventional nomenclature based on the cepham (the fused /3-lactam-perhydrothiazine system) is used throughout this chapter. Carbon atom bonded to C-3 has been numbered as C-10 (or C-3 ). Stereochemistry at C-7 is specified either as absolute configuration R/S, or as a//3 depending on the orientation of the substituent, below or above the plane, respectively. The above abbreviated common names and numbering for the cephalosporins should not be confused with the IUPAC systematic nomenclature as used by Chemical Abstract, which, for example, designates 7-ACA as (6/3,7/3)-3-(acctoxymcthyl)-7-amino-8-oxo-5-thia-l-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid. 

According to the latest IUPAC Convention the names of ligands surrounding the central metal atom are written in alphabetical order of preference irrespective of whether they are negative or neutral. For example, in the complex [Co(NH3)4 C1(N02)], the ligands are named in the order ammine, chloro and... 

A double bond between two carbon atoms indicates the site, and possibly type, of hydrogen unsaturation. When double bonds are present, the suffix anoic is changed to enoic, dienoic, or trienoic to indicate the number of bonds. The location of the first carbon in the double bond is indicated by a number preceding the systemic name. Under International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) convention, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids are called octadecanoic, 9-octadecenoic, 9,12-octadecadienoic, and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acids, respectively. 

The use of proper chemical nomenclature is essential for effective scientific communication. More than one million new substances are reported each year, each of which must be identified clearly, unambiguously, and completely in the primary literature. Chemical compounds are named according to the rules established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) [formerly the International Union of Biochemistry (IUB)], the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), the Committee on Nomenclature, Terminology, and Symbols of the American Chemical Society, and other authorities as appropriate. For more information on naming chemical compounds, refer to the bibliography in Chapter 18. This chapter gives the editorial conventions and style points for chemical compound names. 

Consensus on nomenclature had been reached by the 1890s. Aniline was the parent of its derivatives, though sulfonic acids were considered derivatives of benzene, such as aminobenzenesulfonic acid. The prefix amino- was added to naphthalene and its derivatives. Many trivial names came into use, particularly for aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids, found in both academic and industrial research laboratories. Though IUPAC convention now numbers amino aryl compounds according to the parent hydrocarbon, the earlier system of numbering has often been retained, since some names include the positions of substituents at carbon atoms numbered according to the older systems. 

By convention, physical quantities are organized in the International System (SI) of quantities and units, which is built upon seven base quantities (Table 1.1), each of which is regarded as having its own dimension. The current definitions of the corresponding base units are given in the IUPAC Green Book, Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry.10 A clear distinction should be drawn between the names of units and their symbols, e.g. mole and mol, respectively. 

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