Phenyl, abbreviation

As well as finessing the use of p and r in "inorganic" nomenclature, the proposed nomenclature discards the entire kappa convention [48]+. The molecule illustrated in Figure 25, which has the IUPAC name [2(-diphenylphosphino-Kp)-phenyl-KC1]hydrido (triphenylphosphine-Kp)nickel(II), using the phenyl abbreviation described in the footnote on page 55, would be named ... 

There are occasions when the benzene ring is named as a substituent and in these cases the name for C Hj- is phenyl, abbreviated to Ph. The name for CgH5CH2- is benzyl or Bn, whilst the benzoyl substituent is CgHjCO- or Bz. These substituents can also be named systematically as shown in Figure 1.16. 

Abbreviations Aik, alkyl AN, acetonitrile Ar, aryl Bu, butyl cod, 1,5-cyclooctadiene Cp, cy-clopentadienyl Cp , pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Cy, cyclohexyl dppm, diphenylphosphinome-thane dpme, Ph2PC2H4PMe2 Et, ethyl fod, 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octane-dionate HOMO, highest occupied molecular orbital LUMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Me, methyl MO, molecular orbital nbd, norbornadiene Nuc, nucleophile OTf, triflate Ph, phenyl Pr, propyl py, pyridine THE, tetrahydrofuran TMEDA V,V,M,M-tetramethylethylenediamine. 

Abbreviations acac, acetylacetonate Aik, alkyl AN, acetonitrile bpy, 2,2 -bipyridine Bu, butyl cod, 1,5- or 1,4-cyclooctadiene coe, cyclooctene cot, cyclooctatetraene Cp, cyclopentadienyl Cp, pentamethylcyclopenladienyl Cy, cyclohexyl dme, 1,2-dimethoxyethane dpe, bis(diphenyl-phosphino)ethane dppen, cis-l,2-bis(di[Atenylphosphino)ethylene dppm, bis(diphenylphosphino) methane dppp, l,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane eda,ethylenediamine Et,ethyl Hal,halide Hpz, pyrazole HPz, variously substituted pyrazoles Hpz, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole Me, methyl Mes, mesityl nbd, notboma-2,5-diene OBor, (lS)-endo-(-)-bomoxy Ph, phenyl phen, LlO-phenanthroline Pr, f opyl py, pyridine pz, pyrazolate Pz, variously substituted pyrazolates pz, 3,5-dimethylpyrazolate solv, solvent tfb, tetrafluorobenzo(5,6]bicyclo(2.2.2]octa-2,5,7-triene (tetrafluorobenzobanelene) THE, tetrahydrofuran tht, tetrahydrothicphene Tol, tolyl. 

Abbreviations aapy, 2-acetamidopyridine Aik, alkyl AN, acetoniuile Ar, aryl Bu, butyl cod, 1,5-cyclooctadiene COE, cyclooctene COT, cyclooctatetraene Cp, cyclopentadienyl Cp , penta-methylcyclopentadienyl Cy, cyclohexyl DME, 1,2-dimethoxyethane DME, dimethylformamide DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide dmpe, dimethylphosphinoethane dppe, diphenylphosphinoethane dppm, diphenylphosphinomethane dppp, diphenylphosphinopropane Et, ethyl Ec, feirocenyl ind, inda-zolyl Me, methyl Mes, mesitylene nb, norbomene orbicyclo[2.2.1]heptene nbd, 2,5-norbomadiene OTf, uiflate Ph, phenyl PPN, bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium Pi , propyl py, pyridine pz, pyrazolate pz, substituted pyi azolate pz , 3,5-dimethylpyrazolate quin, quinolin-8-olate solv, solvent tfb, teti afluorobenzobaiTelene THE, tetrahydrofuran THT, tetrahydrothiophene tmeda, teti amethylethylenediamine Tol, tolyl Tp, HB(C3H3N2)3 Tp , HB(3,5-Me2C3HN2)3 Tp, substituted hydrotiis(pyrazol-l-yl)borate Ts, tosyl tz, 1,2,4-triazolate Vin, vinyl. 

Phenyl (Section 15.1) The name for the -C6H5 unit when the benzene ring is considered as a substituent. A phenyl group is abbreviated as -Ph. 

The following abbreviations are commonly used for substituent groups in structural formulae Ac (acetyl), Bn or PhCH2 (benzyl), Bz or PhCO (benzoyl), Et (ethyl), Me (methyl), Me3Si (not TMS) (trimethylsilyl), Bu Me2Si (not TBDMS) (rerf-butyldimethylsilyl), Ph (phenyl), Tf (triflyl = trifluoromethanesulfonyl), Ts (tosyl = toluene-p-sulfonyl), Tr (trityl). 

Table 7.16 Abbreviations used in the chemical formulae of Table 7.15 (from [352]) Me = Methyl, Et = Ethyl, Pr = n-Propyl, Bn = n-Butyl, Hep = Heptyl, Oct = Octyl, Ph = Phenyl...

Cyclic ADC compounds are similarly prepared by oxidation of the corresponding cyclic hydrazine derivatives. The most commonly encountered compounds are the 3//-l,2,4-triazole-3,5(4//)-diones (5), and in particular the 4-phenyl derivative (5, R = Ph), usually abbreviated as PTAD. Similarly, the abbreviation MTAD is used for the 4-methyl derivative. First prepared by Thiele,18 PTAD remained unused in organic synthesis until Cookson reported its powerful dienophilic properties some 70 years later.19 PTAD is an isolable, red, crystalline compound, prepared by r-butyl hypochlorite oxidation of 4-phenylurazole.20 Other oxidants which have been successfully... 

Abbreviation for phenyl methyl silicone. Pneumatic Tyre... 

Abbreviation for phenyl vinyl methyl silicone. Pyrometer... 

Abbreviations as for Table I, except Af-Melm, Af-methylimidazole Dmp, dimesityl-phenyl py, pyridine en, 1,2-ethylenediamine. 

Care Do not confuse Ph (a common abbreviation for a phenyl ring) with pH (which is a mathematical operator meaning... 

Abbreviations Ahx, (V)-2-aminohexanoyl Nap, naphthyl (a- or p- not specified) / -NOiPh, >ara-nitrophenyl /i-CFsPh, /)ara-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl. Undefined mixture of CHC was used. 

In 2004, Birman and coworkers set out to develop an easily accessible and highly effective acylation catalyst based on the 2,3-dihydroimidazo[l,2-a]-pyridine (DHIP) core. The first chiral derivative to be prepared and tested was (R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[l,2-fl]-pyridine 44 (H-PIP) [152]. Derived from R)-2-phenylglycinol, this catalyst afforded the KR of ( )-phenylethylcarbinol in 49% ee at 21% conversion s = 3.3). In order to improve the reactivity of the catalyst, the authors decided to introduce an electron-withdrawing substituent on the pyridine ring that would increase the electrophilicity of the acylated intermediate. Hence, three new derivatives (Br-PIP, NO -PIP and CF3-PIP) were synthesised and tested under rigorously identical conditions [152]. One of these easily accessible compounds, 2-phenyl-6-trifluoromethyl-dihydroimidazo[l,2-a]pyridine (45, abbreviated as CF3-PIP), proved to be particularly effective as, when combined with (EtC0)20 and iPr NEt, it resolved a variety of aryl alkyl iec-alcohols with good to excellent selectivities s = 26-85) (Table 7) [152]. 

Nate Abbreviations I, U -tiis(hydroxy-phenyl)ethane (THPE), 2,2-bis(dimeihylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA). 

The common abbreviations are used M = metal, L = ligand, R = organic group, Me = methyl, Et = ethyl, Pr = propyl, Bu = butyl, Ar = aromatic group. Ph = phenyl, Cp = cyclopentadienyl, Hal = halogen, X = anionic substituent. Short straight lines around metal atoms denote carbonyl hgands omitted for the sake of clarity. 

Figure 7.26 The structure of the hepatotoxic cyclic heptapeptide microcystin LR. L-Arginine and L-leucine are variable amino acids. The reactive unsaturated group is indicated by the star. Abbreviations Adda, amino-methoxy-trimethyl-phenyl-decadienoic acid Mdha, methyldehydro-alanine Masp, methyl D-/so-aspartate D-Glu, D-/soglutamate D-Ala, D-alanine.

Figure 7.44 The metabolism and toxicity of MPTP. Diffusion into the brain is followed by metabolism in the astrocyte. The metabolite MPP+ is actively transported into the dopaminergic neuron by DAT. It is accumulated there and is actively taken into mitochondria by another uptake system. Here, it inhibits mitochondrial electron transport between NADH dehydrogenase (NADH DHase) and coenzyme Q (Q10). Consequently, it blocks the electron transport system, depletes ATP, and destroys the neuron. Abbreviations MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine DAT, dopamine transporter uptake system.

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