Iron trichloride

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Ferric Chloride (anhydrous). Ferric Chloride (hexahydrate). Iron (in) chloride. Iron perchloride. Iron trichloride Chemical Formula FeClj or FeCl3 6H20. Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as shipped) Solid Color Anhydrous greenish black, Hidrate brown Odor None. 

Chlorination of ferroalloys (ferroniobium-tantalum) is a more economical and simple alternative [30]. The process is performed on a sodium chloride melt that contains iron trichloride, FeCU. Chlorine is passed through the melt yielding NaFeCl4, which interacts as a chlorination agent with the Fe-Nb-Ta alloy. Chlorination of ferroalloys allows for the production of pure tantalum and niobium pentachlorides, which are used further in the production of high purity oxides and other products. 

Iron oxide is deposited by the reaction of a halide, such as iron trichloride, with water at a temperature range of 800-1000°C and at low pressure ... 

Table 1 Selected result of the epoxidation using iron trichloride hexahydrate, pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, and an organic amine...

Chlorine was incorporated into carbon disulphide in a steel reactor. This led to a violent explosion which destroyed the installation and which is probably due to the catalytic effect of steel (formation of iron trichloride). 

These give rise to the same dangerous reactions as chromium halides. Iron dichloride and trichloride detonate in contact with sodium or potassium. There is also a violent combustion of an iron trichloride/calcium carbide mixture, which leads to the formation of melted iron. 

A chlorination of styrene carried out at 50 C and in the presence of iron trichloride led to a detonation after having incorporated 10% of the chlorine. The presence of iron trichloride or even the use of steel reactors is sufficient to make styrene chiorination hazardous. Various authors assume that the danger comes from the catalysis of the styrene decomposition by iron sait rather than the cataiysis of the addition of chlorine by this Lewis acid. 

In the same way, the detonation of moist trichloroethylene, which had been stored in a metal container, was explained by the hydrogen chloride formed. In this case it is possible to suggest another cause, which would involve iron trichloride forming by the interaction of hydrogen chloride with rust traces, and the catalysis by this salt of a polymerisation or degradation of the chlorinated derivative (see the similar case of aluminium chloride on p.281). 

Usually the nitric acid/amine interaction is more dangerous when impurities that can play a catalytic role are present. This goes for metal oxides such as copper oxides, iron (III) oxide and divanadium pentoxide. Salts such as sodium or ammonium metavanadates, iron trichloride, alkaline chromates and dichromates, cyanoferrates and alkaline or nitrosopentacyanoferrates can also act as catalysts. 

Other reactions described are those of imidazolides with Grignard reagents, which are carried out in the presence of the catalysts trimethylsilyl triflate, iron trichloride, or iron trisacetylacetonate ... 

A second example from the same group is the synthesis of an elaborate diethynyltriphenylene derivative (Scheme 7 Table 8,entries 12,13) [58].Zn/Pd-promoted homocoupling of a 4-iodo-l,2-dialkoxybenzene furnishes the desired tetraalkoxybiphenyl, an electron-rich aromatic system. Iron trichloride-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts arylation of the biphenyl derivative with dimethoxy-benzene furnishes an unsymmetrical triphenylene derivative. Deprotection, oxidation, and subsequent Diels-Alder reaction with cyclohexadiene is followed by catalytic hydrogenation and reoxidation. TMS-CC-Li attack on the quinone delivers the alkyne modules, treatment with SnCl2 aromatizes the six-mem-bered ring, while KOH in MeOH removes the TMS groups cleanly to give the elaborate monomer. 

When the metallic additive to the intermediate 374 was zinc dihalide (or another Lewis acid, such as aluminum trichloride, iron trichloride or boron trifluoride), a conjugate addition to electrophilic olefins affords 381 . In the case of the lithium-zinc transmetallation, a palladium-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling reaction with aryl bromides or iodides allowed the preparation of arylated componnds 384 ° in 26-77% yield. In addition, a Sn2 allylation of the mentioned zinc intermediates with reagents of type R CH=CHCH(R )X (X = chlorine, bromine) gave the corresponding compounds 385 in 52-68% yield. ... 

Renz 4 describes an additive compound of indium trichloride and pyridine, tripyridino-indium trichloride, [In(C5H5N)3]Cl3, which is prepared by adding pyridine to a solution of indium trichloride in alcohol. After standing for a short time, small needle-shaped crystals separate of melting-point 253° C. The compound is not hygroscopic like indium chloride, is somewhat sparingly soluble in alcohol, and is insoluble in ether. It decomposes on warming with water with formation of indium hydroxide, In(OH)3. Aluminium trichloride and iron trichloride form similar addition products. 

P 40] A reaction-type mixing uses iron trichloride and sodium rhodanide solutions as two feeds [20, 39], A brownish solution results with the product iron rhodanide. Photographic imaging was applied. 

Synonyms Chloride of iron, Ferric trichloride, Flores martis, Iron chloride, Iron perchloride, Iron sesquichloride, Iron trichloride, Sesquichloride of iron. 

A sequence of conventional transformations allowed cyclopropane bicycle 326 to be prepared which was quickly enlarged to cycloheptenone 327 by treatment with iron trichloride in DMF and subsequent dehydrochlorination. Ketone 327 represented the branching point of the synthesis due to its masked symmetric nature. In fact, when the azido group was installed on Ci and a carbonyl group was put in on C5... 

The progress of the reaction is monitored by TLC. From the flask take a sample of 0.5 mL of the solution, remove the solvent on the rotary evaporator, add 3 mL of dichloromethane and 5 mL of 10% HCI. TLC (Si02 d hex-ane/ethyl acetate 4/1) of the organic phase in comparison with a sample of compound 1 should reveal, upon irradiation (UV lamp, 254 nm), the complete disappearance of the starting calixarene and the presence of a new spot, which colours red upon spraying with a 50% (w/w) aqueous solution of iron trichloride and heating. 

To 2.7 g. iron trichloride hexahydrate in 50 ml. water is added the ligand solution (13.8 g.). After 10 minutes, the black pre-... 

The results fully confirm the choice of catalyst reported in the literature. An interesting point was that iron trichloride ( 18) which has been reported to be a superior catalyst in certain Friedel-Crafts reactions is projected close to aluminium trichloride ( 1) in the score plot. 

An exceptional result in the formation of ring-contracted product was observed in the reaction of azepinium ion with pyrrole <20050L5215>. When an excess of pyrrole was added to the chloroform solution of compound 430 and iron trichloride at room temperature (24h), 5-/-butyl-2-methoxy-3-(l//-pyrrol-2-yl)-3//-azepine 432 (12%), 5-/-butyl-2-methoxy-7-(l//-pyrrol-2-yl)-3//-azepine 433 (11%), and 2-vinylpyrrole 434 (37%) were obtained (Scheme 91). It is assumed that compounds 433 and 434 were obtained by the isomerizations of compound 431 that, unfortunately, could not be isolated even by reaction at 0°C. 

Oxidative removal of the iron tricarbonyl group can be achieved using iron trichloride, copper dichloride, CAN, hydrogen peroxide under basic conditions, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid, or TMANO. The latter oxidant is frequently the reagent of choice. Depending on the reagent, decomplexation may occur with or without concomitant transformation (Scheme 128). It is important to note that no racemization of optically active compounds is detected upon... 

SYNS CHLORURE PERRIQUE FERRIC CHLORIDE (UN 1733) pOiy FERRIC CHLORIDE, solution (L N 2582) (DOT) FLORES MARTIS IRON CHLORIDE IRON (III) CHLORIDE IRON TRICHLORIDE PERCHLORURE de FER... 

The electrophilic aromatic substitution of aryl halides takes place less readily than with benzene (electron-withdrawing effect), but occurs at the ortho and para positions (the lone pairs on the halogen assist in delocalizing the positive charge in the intermediate). Further chlorination of chlorobenzene, in the presence of aluminium or iron trichlorides, gives 1,4-dichlorobenzene and some 1,2-dichlorobenzene. Nitration normally occurs to give the 2- and 4-nitro- and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzenes (Scheme 4.13). 

Iron trichloride/tungsten hexachloride, titanium trichloride/LAH and WCle/LAH have also been examined, and show similar results to the Sharpless systems mentioned above. In these cases the stereochemical course is not determined by the kind of reagent instead, frfl 5-alkenes are predominantly formed from both cis- and rrowj-epoxides (equations 40 and 41). 

FeCp2][BF4] and [FeCp2][PF6] are easily prepared by oxidation of ferrocene using a variety of oxidants (sulfuric acid [185], p-benzoquinone [21], NO, iron trichloride, etc. [186-191].) and commonly used in organometallic chemistry as very useful, almost innocent single-electron oxidants. They are thermally stable and can... 

Iron(III) trichloride is commercially available both as the anhydrous or hydrate form which can also be refluxed in thionyl chloride to generate the anhydrous form (purified by sublimation) most often used [209], Anhydrous iron trichloride is about as strong as ferrocenium salts, but it is not necessarily innocent. It is sometimes used to recover functionalized metal-free hydrocarbon derivatives which have been transformed by temporary complexation and activation on a transition-metal center [210]. 

Pasto [29] undertook a general study of the coupling reaction between propargyl chlorides and Grignard reagents in diethyl ether at 0 C in the presence of a catalytic amount of iron trichloride (FeCl3). Usually, the formation of the 8, 2 product 279 was observed [Eq. (96) and Table 26]. 

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