Iron in plants

Masclaux, C., and Expert, D. 1995. Signalling potential of iron in plant-microbe... 

Expert, D., Enard, C. and Masclaux C. (1996). The role of iron in plant host-pathogen interactions, Trends Microbiol., 4, 232-237. 

The acquisition of iron in plant roots has been described in Chapter 7. Once in the apoplast of the root, the iron must be transported through the roots to the xylem and thence to the leaves. In order to ensure that the iron does not precipitate or generate oxygen radicals during its transport, the iron is bound to an intracellular transporter of iron (both Fe2+and Fe3+),... 

Lemenceau P, Expert D, Gaymard F, Bakker PAHM, Briat IF (2009) Role of Iron in Plant-Microbe Interaction. Adv Bot Res 51 491... 

In his researches on iron in plants, Lemery also discovered that by dissolving iron filings in spirit of niter [nitric acid], he could make an iron plant or tree of Mars. When Tsar Peter the Great visited the Academy, Lemery showed him this curious chemical vegetation. The... 

A standard official method has been published for the determination of iron in plant material [ 15]. The iron remaining after the destruction of the organic material is dissolved in 0.4 m hydrochloric acid. The concentration of iron in this... 

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1973) The Analysis of Agricultural Materials - Iron in Plant Material, Method 38, Technical Bulletin RB 427, HMSO, London, UK. 

One of the characteristics of ferredoxin, as inferred from its name, is the presence of iron. Mortenson, Valentine, and Carnahan (75) reported non-heme iron in bacterial ferredoxin and several investigators independently reported non-heme iron in plant ferredoxin (Tagawa and Arnon (99) Fry and San Pietro (46) Horio and Yamashita (58)). Iron was also found in other clostridial ferredoxins (Lovenberg, Buchanan, and Rabinowitz (65)) and in ferredoxin of photosynthetic bacteria (Evans and Buchanan (41) Bachofen and Arnon (12)). Based on a molecular weight of 13,000, the plant ferredoxins which have been investigated contain 2 atoms of iron per molecule, but the iron content of bacterial ferredoxins differs. Clostridial ferredoxins contain 7 atoms of iron (Loven-... 

David (D9) determined iron in plants and gives detailed instructions for the treatment of plant samples, entailing acid digestion and filtration before aspiration. The determination of iron in protein solutions is briefly mentioned (M2a). 

B.F. Reis, M.F. Gine, E.A.G. Zagatto, J.L.F.C. Lima, R.A.S. Lapa, Multicommutation in flow analysis. Part 1. Binary sampling concepts, instrumentation and spectrophoto-metric determination of iron in plant digests, Anal. Chim. Acta 293 (1994) 129. 

The iron in meats is in the form of heme, which is readily absorbed. The non-heme iron in plants is not as readily absorbed, in part because plants often contain oxalates, phytates, tannins, and other phenolic compounds that chelate or form insoluble precipitates with iron, preventing its absorption. Conversely, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) increases the uptake of non-heme iron from the digestive tract. The uptake of iron is also increased in times of need by mechanisms that are not yet understood. Iron is absorbed in the ferrous (Fe ) state (Fig. 44.6), but is oxidized to the ferric state by a ferroxidase known as ceruloplasmin (a copper-containing enzyme) for transport through the body. 

Binary sampling concepts, instrumentation and spectrophotometric determination of iron in plant digests, Anal. Chim. Acta 293 (1994) 129—138. 

For example, the iron in plant hemoglobins can remove an oxygen. .. R. Sturms et al. Hydroxylamine reduction to ammonium by plant and cyanobacterial hemoglobins. 2011. Biochemistry 50(50), p. 10829. DOI 10.1021/bi201425f. 

Table 1 Corrosion rates of unalloyed steel and grey cast iron in plants used for waste water treatment [8]...

It is well known and confirmed that heme-bound iron from animal-based foods is absorbed differently from iron in plant-based foods [111]. This requires intrinsic labeling of the diet/test meal if iron absorption from meat needs to be assessed. A separate pathway of iron absorption has been suggested for ferritin-bound iron [112], but it appears to be of minor relevance to iron nutrition. Ferritin is the body s most important iron storage protein and can trap iron in a hollow protein sphere, but it is effectively released during digestion [113]. Therefore, it should enter the same common chemical pool from which all other non-heme iron is absorbed. 

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