Iodine injections

Martens, C.S. and Harris, R.C. (1970). Mechanisms of Iodine injection from the sea surface, page 319 in Prec itation Scauenging, Engelmann, R.J. and Slinn, W.G.N., Coordinators, Report No. CONF-700601 (National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia). 

In order to take full advantage of MDCT capabilities adequate timing and flow rate of injection should be carefully evaluated. Hepatic arterial enhancement is primarily influenced by the rate of iodine injection and timing of contrast bolus, whereas venous phase enhancement is determined by total dose of iodine administered to patients. 

Intramuscular iodine injections Numerous studies have confirmed that iodine supplementation by injection before a woman becomes pregnant can prevent endemic cretinism and that a single injection can prevent goitre for up to 3-4 years. Other documented benefits of maternal supplementation observed in several controlled studies include reduced infant and young-child mortality, improved birth weight, and better manual function in children born to iodine-supplemented mothers. 

Preswelled Sephacryl S-1000 was prepared in a K26/100 column (88 X 2.6 cm). Equilibration with 0.005 M NaOH containing 0.002% NaN3 at a flow rate of 0.67 ml/min was achieved after 20 hr. Sample solutions were applied with a 5-ml injection loop. The mass and iodine-complexing potential of separated glucan components was determined off-line for each of the subsequently eluted 5-ml fractions. Based on the determined mass of carbohydrate for each of the fractions, elution profiles such as Fig. 16.1 were constructed. 

Ion chromatography has been successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of ions in many diverse types of industrial and environmental samples. The technique has also been valuable for microelemental analysis, e.g. for the determination of sulphur, chlorine, bromine, phosphorus and iodine as heteroatoms in solid samples. Combustion in a Schoniger oxygen flask (Section 3.31 )is a widely used method of degrading such samples, the products of combustion being absorbed in solution as anionic or cationic forms, and the solution then directly injected into the ion chromatograph. 

Fig. 7.2.9 Influence of cyanide and iodine on the Odontosyllis luciferin-luciferase luminescence reaction. Luciferin solution (0.1 ml) was first mixed with a HCN solution (0.1ml), and then the mixture was injected into 8 ml of 20 mM magnesium acetate containing luciferase. The concentrations of HCN shown in the figure are the final concentrations. In the control experiment, HCN was omitted. In the experiment labeled added at 0.5 min, 0.1 ml of HCN solution was injected to the control mixture 0.5 min after the start of the luminescence reaction to give a final concentration of 0.1 mM HCN. Arrows indicate the injection of a solution of I2-3KI to the control mixture to give a final concentration of 0.1 mM I2. From Shimomura et al., 1963d, with permission from John Wiley Sons Ltd.

C22-0118.Iodine-123, l/2 = 13.2hr, is used in medicai imaging of the th Toid giand. If 0.5 mg of this isotope is injected into a patient s biood-stream and 45% of it binds to the th Toid giand, how iong wiii it take for the amount of iodine in the th Toid giand to faii to iess than 0.1 pg ... 

Flow injection analysis has been used for the automated determination of hydrogen sulfide in seawater [20]. A low-sensitivity flow injection analysis manifold for concentrations up to 200 imol/l hydrogen sulfide had a detection limit of 0.12 xmol/l. Sulfide standards were calibrated by colorimetric measurement of the excess tri-iodide ion remaining after reaction of sulfide with iodine. The coefficient of variation was less than 1% at concentrations greater than 10 imol/l. The method was fast, accurate, sensitive enough for most natural waters, and could be used both for discrete and continuous analysis. 

Iodine-131-labeled Lipiodol, a polyiodinated poppy seed oil which becomes particulate on dispersion in aqueous media, has been used for some time in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by arterial injection. This targeting approach has been coupled with the superior radioactivity properties of rhenium radioisotopes by exploiting the lipid solubility of... 

Single egg injection of 0.104 mg/kg egg FW via air sac on day 4 of incubation RINGED-TURTLE DOVE, Streptopelia risoria Fed iodine-deficient diet LD50 at hatch beak defects in survivors, especially crossed beaks 17... 

USP XIX directs that hydralazine be determined in the raw material, tablets, and injections by potassium iodate titration in strongly acid solution, using chloroform to detect the presence of iodine (19). 

During the 2007 field experiments, C02 concentrations of the water samples under the reservoir pressure could not be correctly monitored due to the broken of the water sampler. This means that water samples were collected around 800m depth and a part of C02 must be degassed during ascending to the surface from the sampler. Therefore, C02 concentrations of the reservoir fluids are calculated on the basis of the observed pH and charge balance of each samples (Case 1) and the tracer concentration (Case 2). The Case 2 means that C02 in the injected water did not react with rocks. Fig.3 shows the calculated C02 concentration with iodine. Iodine concentration decreases from 1000 to 200pg/L with the elapsed time. From Fig.4, the fraction of the injected C02 water (1 wt.% C02) is almost zero. This means that... 

Liquid injection molding (LIM), 18 792 phenolic resins in, 13 794-795 Liquid inks, 14 315 Liquid iodine, viscosity of, 14 354 Liquid ion-exchange rhenium recovery process, 21 689... 

As aforementioned, the introduction of carbon nanomaterials is an effective strategy to take on some of the contemporary challenges in the field of DSSCs. In particular, enhanced charge injection and charge transport processes in carbon nanomaterial-doped electrodes, efficient carbon nanomaterial-based, iodine-free, quasi-solid state electrolytes, and the use of novel nanographene hybrids as dyes are some of the most stunning milestones. All of these milestones are considered as solid proof for the excellent prospect of carbon nanomaterials in DSSCs. The major goal of this chapter is to... 

In summary, we have demonstrated the successful operation of a "Permasep" RO pleint on biologically active feed waters by using the intermittent injection of iodine as a bacterial control measure. The use of this shock procedure allowed for steady, continuous performcince of the plant euid is expected to have significant impact on future applications of PA membranes to biological action as well as waste waters. 

The first modern hydrophilic nonspecific iodinated CA was diatrizoic acid, which, formulated as a sodium and/or meglumine salt, is still used. This agent was first synthesized in 1953 [1]. Osmolality for this compound, at concentrations compatible with imaging (ie. 300-370 mgl mL" ), is about 5-7 times that of plasma (1500-2100 mOsm kg H2O). Other HOCA such as iothalamate, metrizoate and ioxithalamate, were synthesized and marketed over the next few years. In an attempt to reduce the osmolality of the injected solution and thus reduce pain and haemodynamic disturbances, metrizamide, a compound resulting from the condensation of metrizoic acid and glucosamine, was synthesized. It was the first nonionic CA. 

Osmolality of the test-solutions (initially hypo-osmotic because of the great number of iodine atoms per molecule) was adjusted with saline (Table 1). It is worth noting that viscosity of the test-solutions (150-200 mgl mL ) is compatible with intravenous injection. 

The maximum injected volume was 50 mL kg" [25]. LD50 was thus limited by the iodine concentration of the solution in the case of P743 and P840 and the NS-CA iobitridol. Thus, the intravenous acute systemic tolerance by the route intended for use in clinical practice was found to be satisfactory (Table 5). 

The first extensively tested RES-specific contrast agent on the basis of iodinated lipids was EOE-13 with its precursors, AG 52-315 and AG 60-99. EOE-13 is an aqueous emulsion of the iodinated ester of poppy seed oil and is able to selectively enhance the normal liver and spleen parenchyma [10-12]. However, severe adverse events such as headache, fever and chills prevented further use of these contrast agents [13-15], although their extent could be decreased by hydrocortisone given prior to contrast injection. 

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