Intumescent textile

In this part, we will distinguish between natural and synthetic fibers because different methods are usually involved to provide flame retardancy by intumescence for the two classes. A few papers report recent development and performance of intumescent textiles. Very often the authors describe the mechanism of action of their materials as mechanism via charring enhancement or something similar. Nevertheless based on the chemical nature of the flame retardant used and by the described... 

Caze, C., Devaux, E., Testard, G., and Reix, T., New intumescent systems An answer to the flame retardant challenges in the textile industry, in Fire Retardancy of Polymers The Use of Intumescence, Le Bras, M., Camino, G., Bourbigot, S., and Delobel, R. (Eds.), 1998, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, pp. 363-375. 

This chapter is organized in four parts. In Sections 6.2 and 6.3, intumescence is briefly reviewed to provide the reader the basic understanding on the mechanisms of action by intumescence and then the main intumescent products available on the market associated with their typical field of application are surveyed. Reaction of intumescent polymers and textiles to fire, i.e., the contribution... 

Like polyester, polyamides are synthetic fibers made from semicrystalline polymers which find use in a variety of applications in textiles almost similar to those of polyester. A recent work of Horrocks et al.55 has investigated the effect of adding selected intumescent FRs based on APP, MP,... 

Melamine diborate (C3H8N6)0 B203 2H20 (22.0%) 130 0.7 Epoxy intumescent coating, cotton textile... 

Melamine diborate (MB), known in the fire-retardant trade as melamine borate, is a white powder, which can be prepared readily from melamine and boric acid. It is partly soluble in water and acts as an afterglow suppressant and a char promoter in cellulosic materials. Budenheim Iberica79 claims that, in a 1 1 combination with APP, MB (10%-15%) can be used for phenolic bound nonwoven cotton fibers. In general, melamine borate can be used as a char promoter in intumescent systems for various polymers including polyolefins or elastomers. However, its low dehydration temperature (about 130°C) limits its application in thermoplastics that are processed at above 130°C. Melamine borate is also reported to suppress afterglow combustion in flame-proofing textiles with APP or monoammonium phosphate to meet the German DIN 53,459 and Nordtest NT-Fire 002.80... 

In a recently published work by Bourbigot et al.,63-65 microencapsulation of ammonium phosphate with PU and polyurea shells has been carried out to make an intrinsic intumescent system compatible in normal PU coating for textiles. Microencapsulation of ammonium phosphate helps in reducing the water solubility of the phosphate and hence, increases the durability of the textile back-coating. 

Technical grade used in manufacture of fire extinguisher powders, horticultural fertilizers, flame proofing of wood, paper, textiles, and intumescent paints, and in vitreous frits. 

Applications Their main application is as ammonium phosphates in fertilizers. In addition, they are used in fire protection e.g. as an additive in fire-extinguishing agents for fighting forest fires, as flame retardants in paper, textiles and poly(urethanes), in the prevention of afterglow in matches and as a component of intumescent paints (flame retarding coatings). They are also used in small quantities in animal nutrition, particularly for cattle. 

Uses Flame retardant for polyolefins, polyester, pigmented coatings, intumescents, and textiles catalyst in intumescent systems Features Halogen-free provides water resist. 

Uses Flame retardant for polymers, textiles, cellulose materials, esp. insulation felts blowing agent for Intumescents... 

Uses Flame retardant tor ABS, acrylics, cellulosics, epoxy, nitrile, phenolic, PC, thermoset polyester, PE, PP, PS, PVAc, PVC, PU, EVA, TPE, TPR, textiles, pigmented coatings, intumescents catalyst tor solv.-based intumescent coatings Features Noncorrosive... 

Uses Flame retardant for epoxy resins, adhesives, coatings, and textiles Features Intumescent nonhalogen... 

Uses Flame retardant for polymers, intumescent paints/coatings, plastics (polyesters, polymethyl methacrylate, polyolefins, PS, PU foams), textiles, paper intumescent paint/mastic ingred. catalyst in intumescent systems... 

Uses Flame retardant for plastics, polyolefins, polyester, rubbers, pigmented coatings, latex intumescent coating formulations, paper, textiles catalyst in intumescent systems intumescent paint/mastic ingred. ManuWistrib. Akzo Nobel DSM Chem. N. Am. Great Lakes Miljac ... 

Horrocks AR. Developments in flame retardants for heat and fire resistant textiles - the role of char formation and intumescence. Polym Degrad Stab 1996 54 143-54. 

Dimelamine phosphate CAS 56974-60-8 Empihcal C6H15N12O4P Properties Wh. powd. sol. 2 g/l in water m.w. 350.24 dens. 1.66 kg/l dec. 300 C Uses Flame retardant for polymers, intumescent paints/coatings, plastics (polyesters, polymethyl methacrylate, polyolefins, PS, PU foams), textiles, paper intumescent paint/mastic ingred. catalyst in intumescent systems Manuf/Distrib. DSM Chem. N. Am. http //www. dsmna. com Trade Name Synonyms Amgard ND t[Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. 

Bis(2-chloroethyl)vinylphosphonate, CH CH P(0)(0CH2CH2C1)2 can be used to form emulsion copolymers with vinyl halides, or it may be used on its own and mechanically incorporated into textile fibres. Compound (12.212a) when dispersed in rayon is an effective retardant additive [44], while (12.212b), when copolymerised with a suitable monomer, will act as an intumescent flame retardant. 

Key words protective textiles, fire resistance, heat resistance, aramid, thermoset, ceramic, intumescent, nanotechnology. 

The application of intumescent materials to textile materials has been reviewed - and is exemplified in the patent and research literature by the following examples ... 

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