Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes

Klein, J.R. (1996) Whence the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte Journal of Experimental Medicine 184,1203—1206. 

Spencer, J., Isaacson, P. G., Diss, T. C., and MacDonald, T. T. (1989). Expression of disulfide-linked and non-disulfide-linked forms of the T cell receptor gamma/delta heterodimer in human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Eur. J. Immunol. 19(7), 1335-1338. 

To clarify the mechanisms of antitumor actions of various chitosans, we examined the cytotoxic activity against YAC-1 (NK cell-sensitive target ceils) or sarcoma 180 cells by intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (lELs) or splenic lymphocytes treated various chitosans. Treatment of lELs with oligochitosan (10 to 1000 jlg/mL), chitosan-21 (10 to 1000 jXg/mL), or chitosan-46 (10 to 1000 jXg/mL) enhanced their c>i otoxic activity against YAC-1 cells compared with that of untreated lELs Fig. (12) . 

Table 8. Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte IVK activity of various chitosan in sarcuma 180-beariag mice (in vivo) ...

Cerf-Bensusan N, Guy-Grand D. Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Mucosal immunology I basic principles. Gastroentero Clin North Am 1991 20 549-576. 

Y. Maeda, and Y. Kimura, Antitumor effects of various low-molecular-weight chitosans are due to increased natural killer activity of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in seucoma 180-bearing mice. Journal of Nutrition, 134 (4), 945-950, 2004. 

Umesaki, Y., Setoyama, H., Matsumoto, S., and Okada, Y. 1993. Expansion of Alpha-Beta T-Cell Receptor-Bearing Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes after Microbial Colonization in Germ-Free Mice and Its Independence from Thymus. Immunology 79(1), 32-37. van Baarlen, P., Troost, F. J., van Hemert, S., van der Meer, C., de Vos, W.M., de Groot, P. J., Hoo-iveld, G.J.E.J., Bmmmer, R.J.M., and Kleerebezem, M. 2009. Differential NF-I°B pathways induction by Lactobacillus plantarum in the duodenum of healthy humans correlating with immune tolerance. Proc Nat Acad Sci 106(1), 2371-2376. 

Brunner, T., Arnold, D., Wasem, C., et al. (2001) Regulation of cell death and survival in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Cell Death Differ S, 706-714. 

MCMILLAN DN, SECOMBES CJ (1997), Isolation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (lEL) and measurement of their cytotoxic activity , Eish Shellfish Immunol, 7, 527-41. 

Agace WW, Roberts Al, Wu L, Greineder C, Ebert EC, Parker CM. Human intestinal lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes express receptors specific for chemokines induced by inflammation. Eur J Immunol 2000 30 819-826. 

Onai N, Kitabatake M, Zhang YY, Ishikawa H, Ishikawa S, Matsushima K. Pivotal role of CCL25 (TECK)-CCR9 in the formation of gut cryptopatches and consequent appearance of intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes. Int Immunol 2002 14 687-694. 

Marsal J, Svensson M, Ericsson A, et al. Involvement of CCL25 (TECK) in the generation of the murine small-intestinal CD8alpha alpha+CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocyte compartment. Eur J Immunol 2002 32 3488-3497. 

Figure 3 Diagram summarizing the stages observed in the transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by the M cell from the intestinal lumen to the intraepithelial lymphocyte. C Columnar cells L lymphocytes. (From Ref. 24.)...

Lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (lELs), along with Peyer s patches (PPs) and other intestinal lymphoid nodules, combine to form one of the largest and most unappreciated, lymphoid cell populations in the body (Cerf-Bensusan and Guy-Grand, 1991). Significant alterations to these populations, as well as the PPs, can open the door to potentially lethal bacterial and protozoal overgrowth followed by systemic invasion. 

In patients with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis, no adverse effects were seen after ingestion of 2.5 g of the protein avenin daily (equivalent to 300 g of oats, or about 10 bowls of oatmeal) for 5 days. Biopsies of the small intestines indicated that that avenin did not change the ratio of the villous height to the crypt depth, the height of enterocytes, or intraepithelial lymphocyte counts (Hardman et al. 1999). 

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