Internal armed conflicts

Canada has now had 25 years of almost uninterrupted economic growth. In other words, there has been neither a major economic depression arising from internal domestic causes nor one developed in sympathy with continental or world events. Neither has there been an international armed conflict of sufficient proportion to cause world, continental, or Canadian economic depression of course, it is generally... 

Legal Challenges in the Provision of Humanitarian Assistance The Case of Non-international Armed Conflicts. 

As to the situations covered, it has already been pointed out that the Geneva Protocol only applies to international armed conflicts. In contrast, it is debatable whether the parallel prohibition of chemical warfare in customary international law was and is applicable to non-intemational armed conflicts. Today, States Parties to the CWC clearly state that they will never under any circumstances use chemical weapons. This not only includes international and non-intemational armed conflicts, but it goes far beyond these situations. Rather, the only situations excluded from the prohibition are situations of law enforcement including domestic riot control purposes , as mentioned in Article II, para 9, CWC. This provision only applies to riot control agents, which— as can be taken from Article I, para 5, CWC— are explicitly outlawed as a method of warfare . Thus, the prohibition of use is comprehensive in terms of situations covered, with the only exception of the use of riot control agents for purposes of law enforcement (including riot control). 

According to media reports, the hospital ship USNS Comfort, prior to her deployment in the course of the 2003 international armed conflict between Iraq and the United States, was equipped with weapons like. 30-cal. and. 50-cal machine guns [...], exclusively for defence, to fend off attacks by swarming, heavily armed speed boats or suicide craft see Sirak 2003. 

As regards the protection of victims in an international armed conflict at sea, it is necessary to first recapitulate the gradual extension of the category of protected persons and then to distinguish between the general obhgation to rescue wounded, sick and shipwrecked and the more specific obligations of hospital ships to provide assistance. 

Heintschel von Heinegg W (2007) Benevolent third States during international armed conflicts the myth of the irrelevance of the law of neutrality. In . Schmitt MN, Pejic J (eds) International law and armed conflict exploring the faulilines, essays in honour of Yoram Dinstein, Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden, pp 543-568... 

Rauch E (1984) The protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions for the protection of victims of international armed conflicts and the united nations convention on the law of the sea repercussions on the law of naval warfare. Duncker Humblot, Berlin... 

Keywords Law of armed conflict International armed conflict Non-intemational armed conflict Asymmetric warfare Guerrilla warfare Soft law... 

The Post-Second World War Rise of Non-international Armed Conflicts and Wars of National Liberation, and the Move Away from Symmetric/lnternational... 

This chapter examines the changing methods of warfare over the last 100 years, how the law has adapted to respond to these changing methods, and whether the law as it exists in 2014 is still consonant with armed conflict as it exists in 2014. Over the last century, the preponderant type of armed conflict—international armed conflict— has given way to non-intemational, transnational, and internal armed conflicts. These newly predominant types of armed conflict have also brought with them new participants, new tactics, and new targets. The law of armed conflict has attempted to keep pace with these developments, adopting new... 

Decrey Warner E (2013) Engaging with non-state armed groups lessons learned. 36th round table on current issues of international humanitarian law, respecting IHL challenges and perspectives. Institute of international humanitarian law, San Remo, 5-7 Sept 2013. http //www.iihl.org/iihl/Documents/DECREY-WARNER.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2013 Dinstein Y (2010) The conduct of hostilities under the law of international armed conflict, 2nd edn. CUP, Cambridge... 

Prosecutor v. Tadic (Judgment, Appeals Chamber) ICTY-IT-94-1-A, para 162. ICTY concluded that even after 19 May 1992 the armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina between the Bosnian Serbs and the central authorities of Bosnia emd Herzegovina must be classified as an international armed conflict (emphasis in original). 

The Current Legal Framework for the Provision of Humanitarian Assistance in a Non-international Armed Conflict... 

Dungel J (2004) A Right to humanitarian assistance in internal armed conflicts respecting sovereignty, neutrality and legitimacy practical proposals to practical problems. J Humanitarian... 

Notably, despite the growing convergence of the laws of international armed conflict and those of non-intemational armed conflict, the distinction persists with respect to the law of occupation, which has not been extended to situations of internal conflict." This is particularly interesting in view of the fact that much of the early law of occupation originated in the US Civil War, which, notwithstanding... 

---