1977 Additional Protocols International Armed Conflicts

Rauch E (1984) The protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions for the protection of victims of international armed conflicts and the united nations convention on the law of the sea repercussions on the law of naval warfare. Duncker Humblot, Berlin... 

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of international Armed Conflicts, opened for signature December 12, 1977 1125 UNTS 3 Additional Protocol I—AP I). 

Similar considerations apply to other international organizations and regimes with comparable levels of membership to the OPCW. There are more than 120 members in common with the WTO and more than 130 in common with the ICRC s Additional Protocols I and II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions on the laws of armed conflict in the case of the WCO, the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and the 1989 Basel Convention, there are 140 members or more that are also States Parties to the CWC. Again, the majority of States not Party to the CWC have joined the treaties or constituent instruments administered by these other organizations. 

Sandoz Y et al (eds) (1987) Commentary on the additional protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949. International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva Schindler D (1994) Humanitarian assistance, humanitarian interference and international law. In Macdonald R (ed) Essays in honour of Wang Tieya. Nijhotf, Dordrecht, pp 689—701 Schwendimann F (2011) The legal framework of humanitarian access in armed conflict. Int Rev Red Cross 884 993-1008... 

The Second Protocol is additional to the 1954 Convention, which remains the basic text. A State can only become a party to the Second Protocol if it is a party to the 1954 Convention. The Protocol applies to armed conflicts of an international character and to conflicts not of an international character occurring in the territory of one of the Parties (but not to situations of internal disturbances and tensions such as riots). It therefore gives greater precision to the rather vague application of the 1954 Convention to internal conflicts. The principal features of the Protocol are ... 

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