Hypertension interleukin

Aldesleukin is a recombinant form of human Interleukin-2 (IL-2). It has been approved for the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell cancer. The medicine is administered every 8 hours by a 15-minute intravenous infusion for a maximum of 14 doses. Adverse reactions include hypo- and hypertension, gastrointestinal disturbances, fever, fatigue, lethargy, joint pain, headache. Cardiovascular problems may occur. 

There is emerging evidence that OSA may be a pro-inflammatory disorder with elevated circulating cytokines [60]. Abdominal visceral fat is a major reservoir of cytokines, and obesity is a leading risk factor for the presence of OSA [60], The mechanism(s) whereby pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in OSA is not fully elucidated, but may be related to the excessive sympathetic nervous system activation notable in OSA. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 levels are elevated in OSA [61,62] and the circadian rhythm of TNF-a is disrupted in OSA [63]. IL-6 levels are higher again in OSA patients with systemic hypertension compared to normotensive apneics [60], IL-6 levels return to normal in OSA patients treated effectively with CPAP [64]. Other mediators of inflammation elevated in OSA include intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and C-reactive protein, the latter being synthesized primarily in hepatocytes in response to IL-6 [60], The presence of these and other pro-inflammatory cytokines may link to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity in OSA. 

The effects of NCX-4016 and aspirin on the release of thromboxane TNF-a interleukin-6 and expression and activity of tissue factor (TF) in stimulated, adherent human monocytes were recently investigated (70). These data showed that NCX-4016 inhibits thromboxane generation, cytokine release, and TF activity in human monocytes via NO-dependent mechanisms. Moreover, NCX-4016 also reduces blood pressure in hypertensive rats, not simply through the direct va-sodilatory actions of the NO released by this compound, but also through possible interference with endogenous pressor compounds (71). These properties, added to its antithrombotic effects, suggest that NCX-4016 may be a safer alternative to aspirin for use by hypertensive patients. 

Kanno, K., Hirata, Y., Imai, T., and Marumo, F. (1993). Induction of nitric oxide synthase gene by interleukin in vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 22, 34-39. 

Immunosuppressant antibiotic inhibits synthesis of interleukins and interferon gamma, suppressing T cell activation. Tox nephrotoxicity (dose-limiting), hirsutism, hypertension, seizures (in overdose). Not a myelosuppressant. 

Nonaka-Sarukawa, M., Okada, T., Ito, T., Yamamoto, K., Yoshioka, T., Nomoto, T., Hojo, Y, Shimpo, M., Urabe, M., Mizukami, H., Kume, A., Keda, U., Shimada, K., and Ozawa, K. 2008. Adeno-associated virus vector-mediated systemic interleukin-10 expression ameliorates hypertensive organ damage in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Journal of Gene Medicine, 10,368-374. 

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