Interest subsidies

Interest subsidies provide an investment incentive, but have the advantage that they do not have a direct impact on revenues and operating profitability, imlike preferential pricing or other forms of market protection. They may therefore be a constructive means of support in that they do not encourage uncompetitive practices. 

The fuel crises and environmental concerns of the 1970s revived interest in the use of wind to produce electricity. Governmental subsidies, especially in the United States, supported both the construction of wind turbines and research, and led to the erection of large arrays of wind generators (wind farms) in a few... 

Siemens Solar reports the interest in solar from consumers has been sometimes overwhelming and that supply has been a problem. Most U.S. manufactured units are shipped to countries such as Germany, Japan and Scandinavia, which have had generous subsidies for years. 

The measures for actively raising awareness at the market entry stage include, among others, advertisements in special-interest magazines, presentations at trade fairs, training programmes, and the participation in information events. The BMLFUW s subsidy schemes also add to the incentives for potential customers to adopt the business model. 

ChemKit consultants are highly qualified and have great market knowledge Synergies through networks (BMLFUW, WKO, UNIDO, and many more) Business acceptance and interest in Chemical Leasing Intensive PR work to raise awareness Access to subsidies (BMLFUW, WKO)... 

By 2003, more than 160 years after the first fuel cell was built, and after more than 15 billion in public and private spending, only one fuel cell with significant commercial sales existed, and purchasers of that product received a government subsidy to buy down the cost.2 Moreover, the manufacturer of that specific product, UTC Fuel Cells, is phasing it out in favor of newer technologies. This chapter examines the fuel cells that are the subject of the most government and corporate interest today. It is for the more techni-... 

Policy Lack of national policy and political will Competing social interests No coherency in standards and codes Institutional barriers to acceptance of new technologies Length of time to realize the public benefits Competing subsidies and lack of a level playing field Differing measures of success in public and private sectors ... 

Hydrogen production from wind power and electrolysis is a particularly interesting proposition since, as just discussed, among renewable sources, wind power is economically the most competitive, with electricity prices at 4 to 5 cents/kWh at the best wind sites (without subsidies). This means that wind power can generate hydrogen at lower costs than those for any of the other renewable options available today. 

Who are the likely winners and losers from the proposed subsidies Can their support for the scheme be achieved In the process of gathering information on the roles and interests of various stakeholders in the health problem, opportunities may arise to identify potential partnerships and to float the idea of a voucher scheme with potential partners. How open is the ministry of health to a scheme that effectively breaks its provider monopoly over the use of subsidies How willing would private providers be to entering into a partnership with the public sector, to bid for a contract, to accept vouchers as payment, to sign contracts for services, to follow a strict patient management protocol, to participate in an accreditation scheme Assessing different stakeholders reactions can provide a valuable input to the next phase, the feasibility assessment. 

In Other Value Added (Table 4.4b) is property-type income, which is a composite of several factors, including proprietor s income, rental income of persons, corporate profits, inventory valuation adjustment, net interest, business transfer payments, surplus of government enterprises less subsidies, and capital consumption allowances (depreciation, depletion, and amortization). As expected, property-type income is highest for sector 7 IB, real estate. The depreciation part of property-type income accounts for the high values of some of the CPI sectors (e.g., 27 and 29). The depletion part of property-type income accounts for the moderately high values of sector 8, crude petroleum and natural gas. 

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