Integrated biorefinery

Combining fuel and power production, possibly extended with (bulk) chemical production by advanced integrated biorefinery process concepts... 

The lAP also contains an introduction to three visionary projects that will practically demonstrate the benefits and impact on daily life of the sustainable industrial chemistry (i) the Smart Energy Home, (ii) the Integrated Biorefinery, and (iii) the F Factory the latter has already been discussed in this chapter. 

The remaining lignin that is separated from the sugar stream during the pretreatment process can be used for the production of heat and power, which is done very frequently at the moment nevertheless, it could be used in the future as a source of various aromatic compounds. The effective utilization of all the three components would play a significant role in the economic viability of an integrated biorefinery. General characteristics of this type of biorefinery are listed in Table 1.3. 

To evaluate the sustainability concerning economic, environmental, and social aspects the Department of Energy (DOE) is funding integrated biorefinery projects in pilot, demonstration, and commercial scale. The importance of biochemical conversion is underlined by the fact that four out of five commercial scale plants funded by the DOE are based on biochemical conversion (Department of Energy, 2012). 

Framework molecules derived from genetically modified single cell or multicellular organisms Integrated biorefinery... 

Integrated Biorefinery Research Facihty. Partnering with industry to advance biofuels and bioproducts. NREL 2011. Report No. FS-5100-53429, http //www.nrel.gov/biomass/pubHcations. html [accessed 31.07.15]. 

Stuart PR, El-Flalwagi MM. Integrated biorefineries design, analysis, and optimization. CRC Press 2012. 

Successful market implementation of integrated biorefineries requires reliable processing units combined with environmentally acceptable and economically profitable production chains. Development and implementation of the biorefinery concept should include crop cultivation and the selection of crops that maximize fuU chain performance. 

Solazyme, Inc. Solazyme integrated biorefinery diesel fuels firom heterotrophic algae Demonstrate at pilot scale, Solazyme s novel heterotrophic algal oil biomanufacturing process. 

The significant advances that have been made in the implementation of the biorefinery concept with the production of biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel from sugar cane, corn starch and plant oils, have set a solid foundation for the expansion of the concept into other applications such as chemicals and will help to reach the goal of integrated biorefineries. 

Kleff S. The integrated biorefinery conversion of com fiber to value-added chemicals. Lansing, Michigan MBl International 2007. 

Bozell J (2010) An evolution from pretreatment to fractionation will enable successful development of the integrated biorefinery. BioResources 5... 

It has been illustrated that specific strategies exist to adapt the zeoUte properties to the specificity of biomass in comparison with the needs for valorizing fossil feeds. Nonetheless, there is still some work left in exploring the complete chemistry of some zeolitic biomass transformation reactions. Provided there is continued research interest, we believe that the refinery success of zeolites can be extended to biomass feeds in integrated biorefineries. 

Sousa-Aguiar EE, Appel LG, Zonetti PC, Eraga AdC, Bicudo AA, Fonseca I. Some important catalytic challenges in the bioethanol integrated biorefinery. Catal Today 2014 234 13-23. 

A biorefinery design that aims to make optimal use of available streams to minimise inputs and emissions will form mass exchange networks. Highly integrated biorefineries will not only exchange intermediate streams but also product streams that can be used as in-process raw materials such as CO, hydrogen or bioethanol (Martinez-Hemandez et al. 2013). CO ... 

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