Initial localization

As in previous sections, the zeros of l (x, t) in the complex t plane at fixed x are of interest. This appears a hopeless task, but the situation is not that bleak. Thus, let us consider a wavepacket initially localized in the ground state in the sense that in Eq. (50), for some given x. 

In studies of molecular dynamics, lasers of very short pulse lengths allow investigation by laser-induced fluorescence of chemical processes that occur in a picosecond time frame. This time period is much less than the lifetimes of any transient species that could last long enough to yield a measurable vibrational spectrum. Such measurements go beyond simple detection and characterization of transient species. They yield details never before available of the time behavior of species in fast reactions, such as temporal and spatial redistribution of initially localized energy in excited molecules. Laser-induced fluorescence characterizes the molecular species that have formed, their internal energy distributions, and their lifetimes. 

Some forms of invasive candidiasis are dominated by deep organ infection and may never be detected by blood cultures. Chronic disseminated candidiasis or hepatosplenic candidiasis is a unique form of candidemia seen after recovery from neutropenia. Candidemia during the period of neutropenia may be initially localized to the portal circulation with dissemination to contiguous organs. After recovery of neutrophils, an inflammatory response is seen against areas of focal infection in the liver and spleen. This inflammatory response produces abdominal pain that is associated with... 

Initially localized and increases in intensity over several weeks... 

However, in interphase delaminating neuroblasts, which are known to have completed S-phase and are at the G2 stage of the cell cycle, this codependence of Baz/Insc/Pins seen in mitotic neuroblasts does not apply. Delaminating neuroblasts possess an apical membrane stalk which retains contact with the epithelial surface and this is where apical cortical localization of Insc is initially seen (see Fig. 2). This initial localization of Insc to the apical stalk occurs... 

If the local error is used instead of the signal counter, it is common to set the initial local error at the new unit to the average of the errors at all units to which it is connected ... 

A rate of transfer can be defined as the reciprocal of the time required for the excitation, initially localized on D, to reach a maximum density on A. The rate constant is... 

Toxicity appears to be negligible to the extent that both in animals ana in humans large doses for extended periods, orally and parenterally, have failed to provide evidence of abnormal function of any type [376, 377, 382]. As might be expected, large volumes of the oily ester initiated local tissue irritation. 

The first paper to consider a transformation of specifically a CASSCF wavefunction to modem VB structures is probably that of McDouall and Robb [21]. An initial localization of the CASSCF MOs [22] is essential in their method. From this localized... 

Chrysene produced skin tumors after skin application to mice and has been shown to be active as a tumor initiator. Local tumors were observed after its subcutaneous injection in mice. Perinatal administration of chrysene to male mice by intraperitoneal injection increased the incidence of liver tumors, malignant lymphoma, and lung tumors. ... 

Cancer can be characterized by the following parameters Cells begin to divide uncontrollably because the mechanisms that control growth are disrupted. Cells cease to differentiate. Cells begin to exhibit invasiveness and gain the ability to metastasize, i.e. to appear in tissues separate from the place of initial localization. Cells begin to intensely synthesize macromolecules from nucleosides and amino acids. 

The reason is not because of bad diagnostic equipment, but because cancer frequently spreads beyond the area of initial localization, making local treatment inadequate. Thus, surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation are the three composite ways to treat cancer however, only chemotherapy effectively cures systemic disease. 

Figure 10 Neutron therapy of salivary gland tumors. Probability of local-regional failure for unresectable salivary gland tumors. Starting values of the curves represent initial local-regional failure rates. (From Ref. 34.)...

In a typical experiment,one measmes the time dependence of the spatial probability distribution of the initially localized particle. At long times... 

The matter wave function is formed as a coherent superposition of states or a state ensemble, a wave packet. As the phase relationships change the wave packet moves, and spreads, not necessarily in only one direction the localized launch configuration disperses or propagates with the wave packet. The initially localized wave packets evolve like single-molecule trajectories. 

According to Eq. 5, the interaction with water is determined by the site populations n, and by matrix A with elements Ag, which can, in principle, be specified if solvation energies for oxidized states of G bases in DNA are known. So far calculations of solvation energies were performed assuming that polarization dynamics is slower than electronic motion [34]. Within this limit, migration of a hole initially localized on any G site can be viewed as the motion in the x direction proceeding along a certain one-dimensional... 

Due to the subpicosecond lifetimes of the monomeric bases there is little time for significant geometric rearrangements that might be necessary to form an excimer from an excited state initially localized on a single base. This suggests that excimers in nucleic acid polymers are more properly described as static excimers [30] in which two or more interacting chromophores are already pre-associated at the time of absorption. This implies that excimer states depend sensitively on conformation at the time of excitation, as the results presented here demonstrate. 

G. Casati In the first part of your talk you discussed the longtime propagation of an initially localized quantum packet. Did you check whether in such situations the corresponding classical motion is in dynamically stable regions or instead is chaotic ... 

The optical spectra for the first 4 days while the supernova was rising to an initial local maximum were rather simple, showing broad Balmer lines. After two days (circa February 25), the spectrum showed He I A.5876 but no sign of Ca H and K or the IR triplet, due, presumably, to the high temperature that ionizes Ca II. After four days (circa... 

Superposition of two displaced step-function initial conditions permits solutions that describe diffusion from an initially localized source into an infinite domain. The two step-function initial conditions in Fig. 4.4 have error-function solutions (Eq. 4.31), and their superposition is a localized source of width Ax. The two step functions are... 

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