Inhibitor, “tailor-made

B. Crystal Growth in the Presence of Tailor-Made Inhibitors.11... 

Recent experimental and theoretical studies on crystal growth, especially in the presence of tailor-made inhibitors, provide a link between macroscopic and microscopic chirality. We shall discuss these principles in some detail for chiral molecules. Furthermore, we shall examine whether it is indeed feasible today to establish the absolute configuration of a chiral crystal from an analysis of solvent-surface interactions. Since these analyses are based on understanding the interactions between a growing crystal and inhibitors present in solution, we shall first illustrate the general mechanism of this effect in various chiral and nonchiral systems. 

J. Gante, Peptide mimetics—tailor-made enzyme inhibitors, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 33(1994) 1699-1720. 

Z. Berkovitch-Yellin, J. van Mit, L. Addadi, M. Idelson, M. lahav, and L. Leiserowitz, Crystal morphology engineering by tailor-made inhibitors, A new probe to find intermolecular interactions,/. Am. Chem. Soc., 107,1985, 3111-22... 

Addadi, L., Berkovitch-Yellin, Z., Weissbuch, L, van Mil, J., Shimon, L. J. W Lahav, M. and Leiserowitz, L. (1985). Growth and dissolution of organic crystals with tailor-made inhibitors—implication in stereochemistry and materials science. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 24, 466-85. [47]... 

In recent years, there has been increasing awareness regarding the importance of transporters in the absorption and disposition of NMEs. While the major portion of NMEs or marketed drugs traverse cell membranes by passive diffusion, there are numerous examples where the involvement of specialized transport mechanisms has been demonstrated. Examples include the role of oligopeptide transporters in the intestinal absorption of P-lactam antibiotics, angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and novel NMEs as well as the role of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the secretion of molecules into the intestine [11,77—79]. Transfection of cells with the transporter protein of interest has permitted the evaluation of precise cellular mechanisms of uptake and transport of NMEs. Transfected cell lines by definition are tailor-made to overexpress the protein of... 

The primary function of a lubricant is to create a film barrier between moving mechanical parts to reduce friction and wear. It also acts as a coolant, suppresses harmful deposit formation and controls corrosion/oxidation. Since the base oil alone would struggle to meet these challenging demands, performance-enhancing additives in tailor-made formulations are added to the lubricant formulation. These packages can include antioxidant, antiwear, corrosion inhibitor, viscosity modifier, detergent and dispersant components. Not only do these additives improve overall efficiency in the engine, but they also extend the lifetime of the lubricant. 

This phenomenon offers the possibility of modifying the classical Pasteur experiment and of extending it to systems which undergo spontaneous resolution but do not display hemihedrism [17]. Another kind of visual differentiation of the enan-tiomorphs was obtained by crystallizing a conglomerate of uncolored crystals in the presence of a resolved colored tailor-made inhibitor. When the plate-like crystals... 

Weissbuch I Leisorowitz L, Lahav M (1994) Tailor-made and chtiige-transfer auxiliaries for the control of the crystal polymorphism of glycine. Adv Mater 6 952—956 Weissbuch I, Zbaida D, Addadi L, Leiserowitz L, Lahav M (1987) Design of polymeric inhibitors for the control of crystal polymorphism— induced enantiomeric resolution of racemic histidine by crystallization at 25-Degrees-C. 1 Am Chem Soc 109 1869—1871 Yamashita K, Nakate T, Okimoto K, Ohike A, Tokunaga Y, Ibuki R, Higaki K, Kimura T (2003) Estabhshment of new preparation method for soUd dispersion formulation of tacrolimus. Int J Pharm 267 79-91... 

Corfield, T, 1993, Tailor made sialidase inhibitors home in on influenza virus, Glycobiology 3 413-415. 

Many modifications of this basic chemistry have been explored to tailor these resists to deep-UV radiation. For example, changes have been made in the sensitizer so that it bleaches in this wavelength region. Early work in this area was performed on diazo-Meldrum s acid (54) (see structure). This compound functioned as a deep-UV-bleachable dissolution inhibitor however, it was somewhat volatile and, consequently, could be depleted via evaporation during soft bake. More-recent studies have therefore focused on less-volatile sensitizers incorporating heteroatom substitution (55) and on increases in molecular weight (56). 

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