Infusion definition

The cationic polymerization of cardanol under acidic conditions has been referred to earlier [170,171], NMR studies [16] indicated a carbonium ion initiated mechanism for oligomerization. PCP was found to be highly reactive with aldehydes, amines, and isocyates. Highly insoluble and infusible thermoset products could be obtained. Hexamine-cured PCP showed much superior thermal stability (Fig. 12) at temperatures above 500°C to that of the unmodified cardanol-formaldehyde resins. However, it was definitely inferior to phenolic resins at all temperatures. The difference in thermal stability between phenolic and PCP resins could be understood from the presence of the libile hydrocarbon segment in PCP. 

Tea flavonoids, or tea extracts, have been linked to benefits in reducing the risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases in experimental animals. However, epidemiological studies have produced inconsistent evidence in the relationship between tea drinking and cancer (Blot et a/., 1997 Goldbohm etal, 1996 Hertog eta/., 1997 Yang eta/., 1996). Therefore, further research is needed before definitive conclusions on the impact of tea consumption upon the cancer risk in humans can be reached. The metabolites of catechins and flavonols after consumption of tea infusions have scarcely been investigated, and thus more research is needed as to the role of those compounds in the reported health benefits of tea consumption. 

Note that the steady-state plasma concentration varies proportionally with the rate of infusion and inversely with the plasma clearance C/p, the definition of... 

Equation (9) is most often associated with intravenous bolus administration, although proper definition of A, allows this equation to apply to extravascular and intravenous infusion administrations. 

Although there is not a recognized definition for the term context , it is used to identify the fact that the half time will usually alter in the setting of varying durations of drug infusion. 

Fig. 5. Observed hearing threshold shift (dB) at 1, 2 and 4 kHz versus measured unbound (upper panel) and total plasma quinine concentration in a subject who received a computer-controlled quinine infusion. The reduced sigmoid Fmax model has been applied and is shown as the solid line. Note that the y axis is hy definition a log scale. (From Karlsson KK, Beminger E, Gustafsson LL, Al-van G. Pronounced quinine-induced cochlear hearing loss. A mechanistic study in one volunteer at multiple stable plasma concentrations. J Audiol Med 1995 4 12-24, with permission.)...

Baron Auer is best remembered for his invention of the incandescent gas mantle, a truly great advance in the history of illumination (55). Instead of attempting to produce a gas which would bum with a luminous flame, he decided to use a non-luminous flame to heat a refractory mantle to incandescence. The problem, as he said, "was not to find a process by which an infusible compound could be given a definite shape. This invention is founded, above all, on the fact, proved by numerous experi-... 

Intravenous route is the most rapidly effective and the desired blood concentration can be obtained with a definite dose but at the same time it is the most dangerous route of administration. For once the drug is injected there is no retreat. So, intravenous injection must usually be performed slowly and with constant monitoring of the patient. This route is usually reserved for emergencies when a rapid action is required and infusion of large amounts of fluids to overcome dehydration or to supply nutrition to patients who can not take food/fluids orally. 

Isidorus Hispalensis or Isidorus of Seville was a writer of the seventh century who wrote a work on the origin and signification of words. For such definition and descriptions as pertain to natural science he was dependent upon Greek and Latin authors with no infusion of Arabian science. Throughout the middle ages Isidorus was a much respected authority. A modern Latin text, edited by W. M. Lindsay, was published in Oxford in two octavo volumes in 1911. 

Particularly in dry, tickling coughs, on which the herb seems to have almost a specific action. Of definite value in whooping-cough. The 1/2 ounce to 1 pint boiling water infusion is given in tablespoonful doses as required. 

Due to their high molecular mass (and other reasons), the vast majority of mAbs that have been approved or are currently in clinical development are administered by intravenous (IV) infusion. This route allows the total dose to be available in the circulation, as F (the systemically available fraction of the dose) is, by definition, 1. In consequence, maximum concentrations in serum are rapidly observed, and are higher compared to those achieved by other routes. Therefore, adverse reactions after IV administration occur more often but are generally reversible. In addition, IV infusions represent the most inconvenient (they often require hospitalization) as well as time- and cost-consuming means of administration. Consequently, ex-travascular routes have been chosen as alternatives, including subcutaneous administration (SC e. g., adalimumab, efalizumab) and intramuscular administration (IM e.g., palivizumab) (Table 3.4). 

Edrophonium is available in multiple-dose or singledose 10-mg/ml ampules. An accessible vein is foimd on one of the patient s arms, and a butterfly infusion set with a 27-gauge needle is attached to a 1-ml tuberculin syringe containing 10 mg edrophonium solution. Initially, 2 mg (0.2 ml) edrophonium is injected intravenously. A saline flush may follow this injection to confirm appropriate dose administration. If after 1 or 2 minutes definite improvement in ptosis or ocular misalignment occurs, the test is considered positive and no further edrophonium injection is necessary. If no definite improvement occurs, however, another 3 mg (0.3 ml) edrophonium is injected and the patient is again observed. 

Retinal toxicity usually begins within 2 to 14 weeks after intra-arterial infusion of BCNU. Approximately 65% of patients develop retinal complications (Box 35-5). It is common to have loss of vision from the retinopathy, and visual acuity can be reduced to 20/60, to light perception, or even to no light perception. A definite relationship... 

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