Inertial centrifugal effect

In some applications there will be obvious limits to the use of the simple solutions on account of heating, radial and centrifugal effects, and flow stability. The behavior of a device like this in pick up and drop load situations will depend to a major extent on the driver and load characteristics only rarely will the speed of the ER effect per se come into question. There is little difference in performance between well designed radial and cylindrical clutch types. Likewise the mass of the ERF can be neglected in most inertial calculations [104,105]. 

The trajectory followed by water in a filter mass it is not linear. Water is forced to follow the outlines of the grains that delineate the interstices. These changes in direction are also imposed on particles in suspension being transported by the water. This effect leads to the evacuation of particles in the dead flow zones. Centrifugal action is obtained by inertial force during flow, so the particles with the highest volumetric mass are rejected preferentially. 

Particle removal from a gas stream is achieved by centrifugal and inertial forces, induced by forcing particulateladen gas to change direction. Cyclones are used to control PM, and primarily PM greater than 10 pm in aerodynamic diameter. However, there are high-efficiency cyclones designed to be effective for PM less than or equal to 10 pm... 

Collection of particles is based on filtration, gravitational and centrifugal sedimentation, inertial impaction and impingement, diffusion, interception, or electrostatic or thermal precipitation (e.g., see Spurny, 1986, Chapter 3). The choice of method depends on a number of parameters such as the composition and size of the particles, the purpose of the sample, and acceptable sampling rates. Table 11.10 summarizes some of the commonly used methods and the size ranges over which they are effective. 

This type of flow affects sampling in two ways First, because of the helical motion, it is very difficult to align the probe with the fluid velocity vector. Consequently, and because of the inertial effect, sample concentration will be always less than the upstream concentration (49), Second, the inertial effects on the elbow plane and the centrifugal force on a plane perpendicular to that of the elbow will produce a nonuniform solids distribution downstream of the elbow. 

Spiral Inertial Microfluidic Devices for Cell Separations, Fig. 2 (a) Schematic illustrating flow behavior in a curved rectangular chaimel. The two counterrotating vortices are caused by the effect of the centrifugal (Fcf) and the centripetal (Fcp) forces acting on the parabolic velocity profile, (b) CFD-ACE -I- simulation of a curved rectangular channel, illustrating velocity and pressure... 

RGURE 9.19. Deterioration of head developed by centrifugal compressor. Losses (1) inertial effects,... 

In order to avoid errors associated with the rotating speed, the centrifuge rotor speed must be increased (or decreased) smoothly in order to eliminate the influence of inertial forces the desired speed is held for several seconds [17]. Any further extension of the centrifuging time does not have any effect on the detachment of dust particles in air. In the centrifuging operations, suitable measures must be taken to prevent vibration of the housing and wobble of the centrifuge axis since such effects may distort the measured values of the detaching force. 

In the preceding sections of Appendix G, we assumed that a lab frame whose coordinate axes are fixed relative to the earth s surface is an inertial frame. This is not exactly true, because the earth spins about its axis and circles the sun. Small correction terms, a centrifugal force and a Coriolis force, are needed to obtain the effective net force acting on particle i that allows Newton s second law to be obeyed exactly in the lab frame. ... 

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