Industrial oils stability

The visbreaking process thermally cracks atmospheric or vacuum residues. Conversion is limited by specifications for marine or Industrial fuel-oil stability and by the formation of coke deposits in equipment such as heaters and exchangers. 

Active Oxygen Method for Fat Stability (AOM) (Cd 12-57) determines the time (in hours) for a sample of fat or oil to attain a predetermined peroxide value (PV) under the conditions of the test. The method is used to estimate the comparative oxidative stability of fats and oils. The method has been placed in surplus, in favor of Cd 12b-92 (Oil Stability Index), but retains official status and is still used in domestic industry. p-Anisidine Value (AV) (Cd 18-90) determines the amount of aldehydes (principally 2-alkenals and 2,4-dienals) in animal and vegetable fats and oils. These are degradation products of peroxides, which are not removed by bleaching. Some fats and oils chemists propose increased use of this method in purchase specifications. Bleaching Test for Soybean Oil (Cc 8e-s63) determines the color of a sample of soybean oil after treatment with a specified bleaching earth. Specific methods exist for other oil species. 

Over the years, detergents have found equally important usage in many other types of lubricants, including gear oils, farm tractor hydraulic fluids, automatic transmission fluids and industrial oils. The performance properties that detergents impart to these lubricating fluids include rust and corrosion prevention, improvement in lubricant elastomeric seal compatibility, enhancement of sludge control under oxidative conditions and improvement of wet clutch and wet brake friction level and stability. 

Abou El Naga, H. H. et al Testing Thermooxidation Stability for Industrial Oil via Thermal Analysis Techniques. 6. Int. Kolloquium. Technische Akademie Esslingen, Jan. 1988. [4-27] Zeman, A. et al. The DSC Cell - A Versatile Tool to Study Thermal-Oxidative Degradation of Lubricants and Related Problems. Thermochimica Acta 80 (1984) p. 1-9. 

Xanthan Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide secreted by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestiis It is composed of pentasaccharide repeat units, comprising glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid in the molar ratio 2 2 1 In food industry for stabilization and gelling and viscosity control, in oil industry to enhance oil recovery, in the fabrication of tooth pastes and paints... 

Shear stability index is an indicator of stability of the industrial oil under severe stress condition and it is assessed as per standard test procedure ASTM D6278. Lower the shear stability index better is the formulated Industrial Lubricant and It is calculated using the given below Equation (3). 

Compared to traditional PAOs, SpectraSyn Ultra PAO have even higher VI, lower pour point and are available in higher viscosity ranges. This unique class of fluid can be used in automotive engine oil and industrial oil formulations to provide advantages in terms of shear stability, viscometrics properties, thickening power and increased lubricant film thickness. 

Phthalic anhydride or trimellitic anhydride are converted into esters by reactions with alcohols as shown in Figure 8. Phthalic anhydride is produced cheaply and in large volume from oxidation of ortho-xylene. The largest use of phthalate esters is in the plasticizer market. Only a small fraction of its production is consumed by the synthetic lubricants market. Phthalate esters generally have superior hydrolytic stability than adipic esters because the ortho di-ester groups are electronically less available and sterically more hindered. However, they have lower Vis, 50-70, because of their high polarity and the presence of branched alcohol chains. They are used in special industrial oil applications where VI is not a critical parameter. Trimellitate esters are specialty products and relatively expensive. They are of high viscosity and usually are more resistant to oxidation than adipic esters. 

Besides uses in the food industry (gelling, stabilization of suspensions, covers and coatings), application in cosmetics and in pharmaceuticals (hair sprays, lotions, tablets), in ceramics production and in oil-well drilling, have been described. 

Applied to atmospheric residue, its purpose is to produce maximum diesel oil and gasoline cuts while meeting viscosity and thermal stability specifications for industrial fuels. 

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