Industrial applications, water-soluble

The polymer is a water-soluble viscous liquid which has found application in the adhesive and rubber industries. One particular use has been a heat sensitiser used in the manufacture of rubber latex dipped goods. 

The polymers are of interest as water-soluble packaging films for a wide variety of domestic and industrial materials. (Additional advantages of the poly(ethylene oxide)s are that they remain dry to the feel at high humidities and may be heat sealed.) The materials are also of use in a number of solution application such as textile sizes and thickening agents. As a water-soluble film they are competitive with poly(vinyl alcohol) whereas in their solution applications they meet competition from many longer established natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers. 

Electronics cleaning - For most uses in the electronics industry, ozone-depleting solvents can be replaced easily and, often, economically. A wide choice of alternatives exists. If technical specifications do not require postsolder cleaning, noclean is the preferred technology. If cleaning is required, the use of water-soluble chemistry has generally proved to be reliable. There are however limitations, whereby water-soluble chemistry is not suitable for all applications. 

The largest industrial use of ultrafiltration is the recovery of paint from water-soluble coat bases (primers) applied by the wet electrodeposition process (electrocoating) in auto and appliance factories. Many installations of this type are operating around the world. The recovery of proteins in cheese whey (a waste from cheese processing) for dairy applications is the second largest application, where a... 

Most of water-soluble acrylamide polymers find practical applications as highly efficient flocculents for clarification and treatment of potable water and municipal and industrial effluents and in the mining, papermak-... 

Interest in the chemistry of water-soluble polymers (polyelectrolytes) has been continually increasing during the past 45 years. The tremendous scope of utility for water-soluble polymers has led to a vigorous search for new materials and the rapid development of polyelectrolytes into a dynamic field of industrial research. Growth in this field has been especially rapid since 1960 and today, many companies are engaged in synthesis and applications research on polyelectrolytes that are primarily used in four main marketing areas water treatment, paper, textiles, and oil recovery [1]. Polyacrylamide gel was also used as soil conditioner [2-4]. 

Cellulose acetate (CA) has been known, and industrially employed for decades as films, fibers, filters, membranes, tubes, and utensils, as well as other consumer products, including eyewear, fashion accessories, pens, brushes, toys, among others [13]. The market for Filter Tow, which is made from crimped, endless CA filaments, has seen a tremendous growth in the cigarette market, reaching more than 600 thousand metric tons in 2003 [14]. Additionally, cellulose mono-acetates have several potential applications, because they can be made into either water absorbent, or water-soluble polymers [15]. 

Pentachlorophenol is readily soluble in most organic solvents, oils, and highly aromatic and olefinic petroleum hydrocarbons — a property that makes it compatible for inclusion in many pesticide formulations (Table 23.1 Figure 23.1). Purified PCP, however, is practically insoluble in water therefore, the readily water-soluble sodium pentachlorophen-ate salt is substituted in many industrial applications (Table 23.1) (Bevenue and Beckman 1967 USPHS 1994). 

Also, less time is required to prepare for foam application, resulting in faster extinguishment, especially for numbers of closely spaced tanks up to about 50 ft (15 m) in diameter. Foam monitors are effective in fighting large spill fires, such as those in tank impounding basins. However, industry experience indicates that foam monitors and foam hose streams are ineffective in fighting tank fires in water-soluble materials. It has been determined that foam is only effective on these materials if applied very gently by fixed application devices or hand hose. 

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