Indian Ocean total

Tunas, Indian Ocean, 1985-86, blood, total mercury vs. methylmercury Yellowfin, Thunnus albacares 0.08 (0.003-0.27) FW vs. 74... 

During a recent expedition in the Indian Ocean, as part of the WOCE Hydro-graphic Program, members of the U.S. DOE C02 Survey Science Team used these reference materials extensively for the quality control of measurements of total DIC and total alkalinity. Two manuscripts detailing the results of these measurements on reference materials were published describing the C02 measurements made on that expedition and how reference materials were used to assess the overall data quality (Johnson et al., 1998 Millero et al., 1998). 

Johnson, K.M., A.G. Dickson, G. Eisheid, C. Goyet, P. Guenther, F.J. Millero, D. Purkerson, C.L. Sabine, R.S. Schottle, D.R.W. Wallace, R.J. Wilke, and C.D. Winn. 1998. Coulo-metric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies Assessment of the quality of total inorganic carbon measurements made during the U.S. Indian Ocean C02 survey 1994-1996. Marine Chemistry 63(l-2) 21-37. 

Tunas, Indian Ocean, 1985-86, blood, total mercury vs. methylmercury... 

The sea hare Dolabella auricularia has furnished aurilol (628), which is cytotoxic (728) and for which the structure has now been fully assigned by total synthesis (729). The Indian Ocean red alga Chondria armata, a member of the Laurencia family, contains armatols A-F (629-634) (730). 

The data available on the loss of biochemical substrates permits estimation of the rate of energy metabolism in starving fish. The technique is often applied in experiments made on fish embryos and larvae (Lasker, 1962 MacKinnon, 1973 Boetius and Boetius, 1980 Constantz, 1980 Cetta and Capuzzo, 1982). The technique is laborious, so is rarely used in studies on adult fish we employed it in studying squid (Stenoteuthis oualaniensis) from the Indian Ocean (Shulman and Nigmatullin, 1981). The supply of biochemical substrates for locomotion is particularly important for active fish, where swimming can account for as much as 80% of the total metabolism. 

Measured size distributions of salt particles are monomodal and can by parameterized by the power law, with the index varying within 0.97-4.2 (average 2.3-2.6). The density of MSA particles is close to 2.35 — 2.40 g/m The spatial distribution of Cn MSA (r > 1 pm) for different regions of the world ocean can be illustrated by the following values in the Pacific Ocean Cn = (1.2-1.5) cm in the Indian Ocean (0.9-1.0) cm" near the Australian coastline 0.4 cm near the boundaries of the Antarctic ice sheet (1.8-2.1) cm" and near the Black Sea coastline (0.32-1.93) cm" [8]. The vertical distribution of Cn MSA has some specific features. A maximum of Cn distribution is often observed at altitudes of several hundred meters (apparently, because of a decrease in the Cn MSA near the water surface, resulting from the capture of salt particles by sea waves). At altitudes 2-3 km the value of Cn MSA constitutes < 1 % of the total Cn value, which is explained by the cloud filter . However, over land, near the coastline, at an altitude of 3 km, Cn MSA is somewhat higher than at the same level over the sea surface. This is connected with a more intensive turbulence over land. In general, sea-salt aerosol particles have to be chemically composed of dried sea water 88.7% chlorides, 70.8% sulfates, 0.3% carbonates, and 0.2% other salts. 

The dolastatins are a class of bioactive peptides isolated by the Pettit group from the Indian Ocean nudibranch, Dolabella au-ricularia. A total of 18 compounds were isolated over a 20-year... 

The quantity of sea salt particles, identified as NaCl, was found to be particularly important over the Indian Ocean. This is explained by stormy weather conditions during the sampling period. Curve 1 in Fig. 35 gives the size distribution of sea salt particles measured over the Indian Ocean (the total number concentration, N, is also plotted). T o represent the ad vection of sea salt particles over the continents, two other spectra are also shown. Curve 2 was measured by Metnieks (1958) in Ireland while distribution 3 was observed in the surface air in Hungary (E. Meszaros, 1964). These latter investigators used gelatin layers sensitized with silver nitrate to identify chloride particles. Figure 35 makes clear that the sea salt concentration is very small... 

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