Marin studies

Johnson, K. M., Wills, K. D., Butler, D. B. el al. (1993). Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies maximizing the performance of an automated gas extraction system and coulometric detector. Mar. Chem. 44,167-187. 

Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies US Geological Survey Saint Petersburg, Florida 33701 US.A. pswarzen usgs.gov... 

Empirical Tests of Defense Theories in Marine Studies... 

Johnson, K.M., A.G. Dickson, G. Eisheid, C. Goyet, P. Guenther, F.J. Millero, D. Purkerson, C.L. Sabine, R.S. Schottle, D.R.W. Wallace, R.J. Wilke, and C.D. Winn. 1998. Coulo-metric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies Assessment of the quality of total inorganic carbon measurements made during the U.S. Indian Ocean C02 survey 1994-1996. Marine Chemistry 63(l-2) 21-37. 

Johnson, K.M., J. McN. Sieburth, P.J. leB. Williams, and L. Brandstrom. 1987. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies Automation and calibration. Mar. Client. 21 117-133. 

Subsequent marine studies have shown that there are often several important plant sources of carbon, and a multiple stable-isotope approach has been widely adopted to resolve this more complex situation. Stable isotopes of sulfur, successfully combined with carbon measurements, have been particularly valuable for tracing the importance of detrital foods that are difficult to identify or quantify visually (41). The information gained in these isotopic studies has allowed ecologists to powerfully verify or refute hypotheses about the importance to consumers of certain food sources (42). 

Hydrothermal Vents. Voyage to the Deep. University of Delaware College of Marine Studies and Sea Grant College Program. Available online. URL http //www.ocean.udel.edu/deepsea/ level-2/geology/vents.html. Accessed Dec. 17, 2006. 

College of Marine Studies University of Delaware Lewes, Delaware... 

Rich, J. H. 1993. Monosaccharides as a Carbon Source for Bacterial Production in the Equatorial Pacific, p. 85. College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE. 

Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University ofAveiro, Aveiro, Portugal... 

J. ROBERT GIBSON is the assistant director of the Haskell Laboratory, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, and an adjunct associate professor of marine studies at the University of Delaware. Since receiving his Ph.D. in physiology from Mississippi State University, Dr. Gibson has specialized in toxicology. He is... 

Laboratory microcosms with Little Rock Lake sediments inoculated with 35S042- also show a gradual increase in organically bound 35S (< 1% to > 30% of reduced S over three months) and "CRS (20% to > 50%) whether incubated anaerobically or under oxic water columns. Sediments incubated under oxic water columns showed increasing incorporation of 3SS into fulvic and humic acids after a one-month delay (up to 30% of reduced S). Whether incorporation into fulvic and humic acids followed partial oxidation to polysulfides or elemental S (cf. 46-491 is not known. However, AVS accounted for < 10% of reduced 35S in our microcosms. Recent marine studies have also shown that H S (50-521 can be directly incorporated into acrylate, a breakdown product of i-mmethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), but the significance of this reaction in freshwater sediments has not been examined. 

Folsom, T.R. and C. Sreekumaran. 1970. Some reference methods for determining radioactive and natural cesium for marine studies. Technical reports series no. 118. Reference Methods for Marine Radioactivity Studies, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna. 

Moscardo, G. (2000) Understanding wildlife tourism market segments An Australian marine study. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 5 (2), 36-53. 

This type of correlative approach is widespread, as only a few marine studies involving inducible defenses (and none with mobile invertebrates) have directly demonstrated that the induction results in a decrease in the susceptibility of the organism to predation.71,72 Statistically significant differences in shell thickness or concentrations of defensive chemicals may or may not meaningfully affect predator preferences in ecologically relevant field situations. For chemical defenses, compound dose-response relationships may be nonlinear, and threshold levels of defense could be sufficient to deter predators so that further induction has little additional benefit. Thus, future studies should focus on directly demonstrating whether an induced response reduces predation on prey organisms. 

A noteworthy feature of such studies is that they frequently make the most stringent demands encountered in noble gas geochemistry for high-precision absolute elemental abundances. Particularly in marine studies the effects of interest are manifested in elemental abundance variations measured in percent. For Ar, accuracy at the required level can be achieved in gas chromatography for mass spectrometric abundance determinations at the percent level, isotope dilution is usually necessary. The technical problems are also different from those in most other noble gas spec-... 

The development of a convenient field assay for N2 fixation in the late 1960s (Stewart et al, 1967 Hardy et al, 1968) which was rapidly adapted for marine studies (see Capone 1983, 1993), led to a flurry of field efforts in a range of open ocean and shallow water and benthic marine environments. We wiU first summarize some of the recent advances and insights relative to N2 fixation in benthic marine environments, move on to the water column, summarize the controls on N2 fixation and comment on the broader, biogeochemical impacts of N2 fixation. 

College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958... 

The oscillating bubble tensiometer, devised for marine studies, shows a particular feature, consisting of a couple of inlet and outlet tubes (Figure 1). Such conduit allows sea water to be fed either from the sampling bottle or directly from a continuously-flowing pumping system, submersed in the sea. Then, the tensiometer vessel can be initially flushed with sea water for... 

---