Incineration “thermal treatment

F99 Other Incineration/Thermal Treatment G99 Other Solidification Processes... 

Lashtchenova, T. N. Stefanovsky, S. V. 1998a. Immobilization of incinerator ash in Synroc-glass material. In Proceedings of the ITS International Conference on Incineration Thermal Treatment Technologies, Salt Lake City, 603-607. 

Incineration/Thermal Treatment R21 Metals Recovery - Electrolytic R22 Metals Recovery - Ion Exchange... 

F. S. Larsen, The Thermal Treatment of Contaminated Soils and the Incineration of Waste Fuels, PhD dissertation. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 1994. 

Thermal treatment is used to destroy, break down, or aid in the desorption of contaminants in gases, vapors, Hquids, sludges, and soHds. There are a variety of thermal processes that destroy contaminants, most of which are classified as incineration. Incineration HteraHy means to become ash (from Medieval Latin, incinerare in or into ashes). With respect to the incineration of hazardous wastes regulated in the United States, however, there is a strict legal definition of what constitutes an incinerator. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) definition of incinerator at 40 CFR 260.10 is... 

T. Hirotani, H-J. Sung, R. Noda and M. Horio, Proceedings of 24th International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies, U.S.A., 2005... 

The thermal treatment of some wastes (e.g. industrial, medical, and military) through their incineration results in the formation of relatively highly toxic residues. The ash residue being a secondaiy waste is sometimes more toxic than the primary solid feed. 

Soil Type Phyto Remediation Bio Air Remediation Stripping Sparging Excavation Soil Washing Thermal Treatment Incineration ln- ltu Stablllzalion Encapsulation Thermal ... 

Parr, T.P., K. J. Wilson, K. Yu, R. A. Smith, and K.C. Schadow. 1996. Paper 97S-043. 15th International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies Proceedings. Savannah, GA. 

At the Sikes Disposal Pits Superfund site in Crosby, Texas, an HTTS unit was used to treat hazardous organic compounds including phenolic compounds, xylene, benzene, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), toluene, creosote, dichloroethane (DCA), vinyl chloride, and naphthalene (D184581, p. 216). The estimated treatment cost was 115 million including approximately 20 million in capital costs and 95 million in operation and maintenance costs. The estimated total cost for thermal treatment was 81 million. A total of 496,000 tons of soil and debris were incinerated. This corresponds to a total unit cost for incineration of 230 per ton and a unit cost of 160 per ton for thermal treatment (D184581, p. 227). 

Thermal desorption treatment is generally considered to be an alternative to incineration. Thermal desorption operates at much lower temperatures than incineration and keeps the heating systems independent of the wastes, which minimizes off-gas production. The technology can be used as a waste minimization process, isolating and concentrating waste constituents, or as a product recovery process. Thermal desorption can also be used to separate contaminants in mixed waste streams by removing volatile constituents. 

Lifanov, F. A., Kobelev, A. P. etal. 1998. Incorporation of intermediate-level liquid radioactive nuclear power plant wastes in glass and ceramics. Proceedings of the IT3 International Conference On Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies. Salt Lake City, 609-612. 

Neubauer, J., Incineration of Ion Exchange Resins Operational Experience, Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies, Proceedings of the International Conference, University of California, Irvine, CA (1996) Nezi, C., Poulopoulos, S., Philippopoulos, C., Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 40, 3325 (2001)... 

Thermal Treatment Melhods Advanced Liquid Injection Incineration Cyclm Cyclone Incinerator Rotary Kilns... 

Thermal treatment processes use energy to destroy or decontaminate waste. These technologies include low or high energy thermal processes. Several types of thermal processes include flame combustion, fluidized bed combustion, infrared incineration, pyrolysis and plasma heat systems. 

Stegeman JA, Caldwell RJ, Shi C (1996) Laboratory, regulatory, and field leaching of solidified waste. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies, Savannah, GA, pp 75-80... 

Actions taken after a hazardous waste is generated. This clearly excludes any form of treatment (including detoxification, incineration, thermal, chemical or biological decomposition, stabilization through solidification, and embedding or encapsulation). 

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