Incineration science

Wadge, A., Hutton, M. Peterson, P. J. 1986. The concentration and particle size relationships of selected trace elements in fly ashes from U.K coal-fired power plants and a refuse incinerator. Science of the Total Environment, 54, 13-27. 

Karasek FW, Dickson LC. 1987. Model studies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin formation during municipal refuse incineration. Science 237 754-756. 

Concerns have been expressed about incineration on land and in the water. EPA s Science Advisory Board, in a 1984 report entitled Incineration of Hazardous Liquid Waste, stated, "The concept of destmction efficiency used by the EPA was found to be incomplete and not useful for subsequent exposure assessments." It was recommended that the emissions and... 

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Science Advisory Board. Incineration of Hazardous Liquid Waste. Washington, D.C. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1984. 

Seeker, W.R. and Koshland, C.P., Eds, Incineration of Hazardous Waste 2 Toxic Combustion By-products, Gordon and Breach Science publishers, Yverdon, Switzerland, 1994. 

Nigond, L. Musikas, C Cuillerdier, C. Solv. Extr. Ion Exch., 1994, 12, 297. Madic, C. Hudson, M. J. High Level Liquid Waste Partitioning by Means of Completely Incinerable Extractants, European Commission, Nuclear Science and Technology, EUR18038 EN 1998 p. 208. 

Gutmark, E., T.P. Parr, K. J. Wilson, K.H. Yu, R. A. Smith, D.M. Hanson-Parr, and K. C. Schadow. 1996. Compact waste incinerator based on vortex combustion. Combustion Science Technology 121 333-49. 

Greenberg RR, Zoller WH, Gordon SE. 1978. Composition and size distribution of particles released in refuse incinerators. Environmental Science and Technology 12 566-573. 

Resce, J. L., Ragsdale, R. G. Overcamp, T. J. 1996. Vitrification of an incinerator blowdown waste containing both chloride salts and carbon. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, A31, 2381-2393. 

Lancellotti, I. Manfredini, T. 2001. The possibility to recycle solid residues of the municipal waste incineration into a ceramic tile body. Journal of Material Science, 36, 4869-4873. 

Chandler, A. G., Eighmy, T. T. et al. 1997. Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Residues. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam. 

Meima, J. A. Comans, R. N. J. 1997. Geochemical modeling of weathering reactions in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 1269-1276. 

Baur, I., Ludwig, C. Johnson, C. A. 2001. Leaching behaviour of cement-stabilized incinerator ashes A comparison of field and laboratory measurements. Environmental Science and Technology, 35, 2817-2822. 

Samples for analysis can come from products of vegetable or animal origin (milk, meat), water, air (ashes emitted by an incinerator) or soils in which elements are present over a wide range of concentrations (from manure spreading on agricultural land to industrial sludge). This method also has applications in the area of forensic sciences and clinical medicine (tissue analysis or biological fluids). 

NRC. 1999a. Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration. Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program, Board on Army Science and Technology. Washington, D.C. National Academy Press. 

Law SL, Gordon GE. 1979. Sources of metals in municipal incinerator emissions. Environmental Science and Technology 13 432-438. 

Llobet, J.M., Schuhmacher, M. and Domingo, J.L. (2002) Spatial distribution and temporal variation of metals in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator after a modernization of the flue gas cleaning systems of the facility. Science of the Total Environment, 284(1-3), 205-14. 

Madic, C., Hudson, C. 1998. High level liquid waste partitioning by means of completely incinerable extractants. EUR 18038 EN. European Commission on Nuclear Science and Technology, Luxembourg. 

Not identified Kuopio University, Department of Environmental Sciences Kuopio, Finland Release of Chlorinated Hydrocardons in Refuse Incineration Imatran Voiman Saeaetioe, Helsinki (Finland)... 

Dioxins are some of the most toxic chemicals known to science. Dioxins are unwanted by products of a wide range of manufacturing processes including smelting, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp, and the manufacturing of some herbicides and pesticides. In terms of dioxin release into the environment, waste incinerators (solid waste and hospital waste) are often the worst culprits, due to incomplete burning [115]. One of the most toxic chemical in the class is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-/ /Y/-dioxin (TCDD) and probably the most toxic compound ever synthesized by man. 

The treatment of hazardous wastes has emerged in the last 10 years or so as one of this country s most acute environmental problems. It is now recognized that the cost of dealing with the accumulated and yet-to-be-gen-erated waste will be staggering. Unfortunately, the hard science underlying waste treatment strategies is woefully inadequate. For example, with respect to hazardous waste incineration, Senkan [45] has noted that... 

Philippines Southeast Asia POPs Elimination Network Pesticide Action Network Philippines Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives EcoWaste Coalition Advocates of Science and Technology for the People Fisherfolk Against Toxics Cavite Green Coalition People s Task Force for Bases Cleanup LAKABA RESIST... 

---