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Immobilization common techniques

The method of zonal elution is one of the most common techniques used in affinity chromatography to examine biological interactions. An example of this type of experiment is shown in Fig. la. In its usual form, zonal elution involves the application of a small amount of analyte (in the absence or presence of a competing agent) to a column that contains an immobilized ligand. The retention of the analyte in this case wiU depend on how strongly the... [Pg.224]

The reuse of an enzyme can be economically favorable when a high-cost enzyme is used. It can be difficult to separate and reuse an enzyme because enzymes are typically globular proteins that are highly soluble in water. A common technique to facilitate the reuse of a high-value enzyme is to immobilize the enzyme onto a surface, inside of an insoluble matrix or within a semipermeable membrane. Both chemical and physical means can be employed to immobilize enzymes. The former method involves the covalent attachment of enzymes to water-insoluble supports and is the most widely used method for enzyme immobilization. ... [Pg.200]

The immobilization of catalysts or catalyst precursors on solid supports is a common technique for simplifying reaction procedures and/or increasing the stability of the catalyst. The homogeneous MTO catalyst can be transformed into a heterogeneous system in a number of different ways. In a recent approach by Saladino and coworkers, poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) //-oxides were used as the catalyst carrier. The MTO-catalyst obtained from 25% cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridine) with divinylbenzene proved to catalyze efficiently the formation of even hydrolytically sensitive epoxides in the presence of aqueous hydrogen peroxide (Scheme 11). The catalyst could be recycled up to 5 times without any significant loss of activity. [Pg.201]

Common Techniques for Immobilization of Homogeneous Asymmetric Catalysts... [Pg.4]

Reduction is the most common technique to prepare polymer-immobilized nanoparticles. Two different types of reduction can be considered. The first type, or the impregnation method, consists of the chemical reduction of metals from solutions or suspensions of their salts. Ammoniacal solutions of Cu, Cr, and Ag hydroxides are often used. Electrochemical or radiation-induced reduction in the presence of macroligands have also been employed. The reduction of mononuclear metal complexes chemically bound with polymers represent the second type. The impregnation method is more widely applied because it better meets the needs of catalysis. In particular, metal blacks, ultradispersed powders, etc. are prepared. For example, Raney nickel is stabilized by incorporating it into the silicone rubber "" followed by vulcanization at room temperature. [Pg.128]

Optical tweezers have been involved in numerous applications using latex particles such as those concerning colloidal and interface science or in life science, where latex beads serve as supports for immobilizing biomolecules. This technique is becoming an elegant common technique requiring manipulation of polymer colloids and more generally micron size objects. [Pg.271]

In view of the conductive and electrocatalytic features of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), AChE and choline oxidases (COx) have been covalently coimmobilized on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) for the preparation of an organophosphorus pesticide (OP) biosensor [40, 41], Another OP biosensor has also been constructed by adsorption of AChE on MWNTs modified thick film [8], More recently AChE has been covalently linked with MWNTs doped glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan composite film [11], in which biopolymer chitosan provides biocompatible nature to the enzyme and MWNTs improve the conductive nature of chitosan. Even though these enzyme immobilization techniques have been reported in the last three decades, no method can be commonly used for all the enzymes by retaining their complete activity. [Pg.58]

Advantageously, SAPC as a technique with immobilized catalysts does not need devices for catalyst separation and recycling, since the reactions can in principle be carried out using standard flow reactors commonly used in heterogeneous catalysis. On the other hand, the presumed processes for the work-up of the constituents of the catalyst, the ligand (and - may be - the support) will be demanding and expensive, too. [Pg.122]


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Immobilization technique

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