Imaging applications reaction kinetics

F l G U RE 6.11 (See color insert following page 390.) Schematic of the application of x-ray CT analysis to provide density profile images of different sections of a hydrate core contained in a cylindrical high pressure aluminum cell. (From Gupta, A., Methane Hydrate Dissociation Measurements and Modeling The Role of Heat Transfer and Reaction Kinetics, Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (2007). With permission.)... 

Indeed, mass spectrometry is the method of choice for an amazing range of applications, from structure determination of proteins to forensic toxicology, from fundamental studies of reaction kinetics to imaging tissues. And that breadth of use and dominance of mass spectrometry is well represented in the chapters assembled here. 

Refs. [i] Conway BE (1999) Electrochemical processes involving H adsorbed at metal electrode surfaces. In Wieckowski A (ed) Interfacial electrochemistry, theory, experiment, and applications. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 131-150 [ii] Climent V, Gomez R, Orts JM, Rodes A, AldazA, Feliu JM (1999) Electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy images of small single-crystal electrodes. In Wieckowski A (ed) Interfacial electrochemistry, theory, experiment, and applications. MarcelDekker, New York, pp 463-475 [Hi] Calvo E] (1986) Fundamentals. The basics of electrode reactions. In Bamford CH, Compton RG (eds) Comprehensive chemical kinetics, vol. 26. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1-78... 

Nowadays, nuclear medicine has become an indispensible section of medical science, and the production of radionuclides and labelled compounds for application in nuclear medicine is an important branch of nuclear and radiochemistry. The development of radionuclide generators made short-lived radionuclides available at any time for medical application. New imaging devices, such as single photon emission tomography (SPET) and positron emission tomography (PET) made it possible to study local biochemical reactions and their kinetics in the living human body. 

Example Applications. Previous work has mostly been concerned with testing the theoretical models and obtaining proof of concept (29,39). Antimony pH tips were used to image the activity of urease immobilized in a disk of glutaraldehyde/BSA gel and to quantify the total flux of H+ in the presence of a saturating concentration of urea (29). Wei et al. (39) showed that urease kinetics can also be quantified using an ammonium-selective neutral carrier-based tip to determine the concentration profile of NHj produced by the hydrolytic reaction... 

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