Ibogaine

The alkaloid ibogaine (LIV), despite being a formal derivative of skeletal pattern XXII whereas yohimbine is a formal derivative of skeletal pattern XXI, shows similar activity to yohimbine in so far as it produces anxiety in normal individuals and induces a psychotic state in schizophrenics [1061, 1078, 1080-1082] as well as raising the blood pressure in conscious animals [1061, 1083] but not in anaesthetized animals [1061, 1083, 1084]. However, in contrast to the position with yohimbine, the hypertensive effect can be overcome by atropine [1083]. 

Although further detailed studies as to the functional relationship of ibogaine to serotonin would seem warranted [1085], it would appear at present that ibogaine potentiates the pressor response to serotonin, but is without effect on the cardiac actions of serotonin [1061]. Ibogaine has also been reported to 

Central and autonomic effects are also exhibited by a number of alkaloids related structurally to ibogaine, as well as by various semi-S5mthetic derivatives [1088]. 

---

The amorphous alkaloids include a substance, giving fluorescent solutions in organic solvents, which is thought to be a decomposition product of ibogaine. 

Iboga ibogaine, 768 Ignatius beans, 553 llligera spp., 319 Imperialine, 732 Indaconitine, 673, 684 Indole alkaloids, 484 Indolizine, 16 Insularine, 362, 370... 

The alkaloid iboquine, a piperidinoquinoline, was derived in an analogous manner by air-oxidation of ibogaine, an indole derivative. 

Ibogaine protects the N-methyl-D-aspartate neuron receptors against excessive release of excitatory amino acids and represents, therefore, a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of Alzheimer s disease, Huntington s chorea, and other... 

French ED, Dillon K, Ali SF. Effects of Ibogaine, and cocaine and morphine after Ibo-gaine, on ventral tegmental dopamine neurons. Life Sci 1996 59 199-205. 

Sanchez-Ramos J., Mash D. Ibogaine Human Phase I Pharmacokinetic and Safety Trial. FDA IND. 3968, 1993 (revised 1995). 

Sershen H., Hashim A., Lajtha A. Ibogaine reduces preference for cocaine consumption in C57BL/6By mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 47 13, 1994. 

Sweetnam P., Lancaster J., Snowman A. et al. Receptor binding profile suggests multiple mechanisms of action are responsible for ibogaine s putative anti-addictive activity. Psychopharmacology. 118 369, 1995. 

Popik P., Layer R., Skolnik P. The putative anti-addictive drug ibogaine is a competitive inhibitor of pH]MK-801 binding to the NMDA receptor complex. Psychopharmacology. 114 672, 1994. 

Mash D., Staley J., Pablo J., Holohean A., Hackman J., Davidoff R. Properties of ibogaine and its principal metabolite (12-hydroxyibogamine) at the MK-801 binding site of the NMDA complex. Neurosci. Lett. 192 53, 1995. 

Mash D., Staley J., Baumann M., Rothman R., Hearn W. Identification of a primary metabolite of ibogaine that targets serotonin transporters and elevates serotonin. Life Sci. 57 PL45, 1995. 

Broderick P., Phelan R, Eng R, Wechsler R. Ibogaine modulates cocaine responses which are altered due to environmental habituation In vivo microvoltammetric and behavioral studies. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 49 711, 1994. 

Hearn W., Pablo J., Hime G., Mash D. Identification and quantitation of ibogaine and an O-demeth-ylated metabolite in brain and biological fluids using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 19 427, 1995. 

Pearl S., Herrick-Davis K., Teitler M., Glick S. Radioligand binding study of noribogaine a likely metabolite of ibogaine. Brain Res. 675 342, 1995. 

Staley J., Ouyang Q., Pablo J. et al. Pharmacological screen for activities of 12-hydroxyibogamine a primary metabolite of the indole alkaloid ibogaine. Psychopharmacology. 127 10, 1996. 

Ibogaine, discovery of, 7 Imagery, hallucinogen-induced, 15-16 Indole hallucinogens, effects of on spinal reflexes, 38-39 on startle reflexes, 43-44 Indolealkylamines... 

---