Hybrid composites process properties

Shi SQ (2001) Chapter 11 Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) - wood hybrid composites. In Williamson TE (ed), APA Handbook on Engineered Wood. McGraw-Hill, New York Shukla NK, Rajput SS, Lai M, and Khanduri AK (1994) Studies on the variation of density and strength properties from pith to periphery in Populus deltoides. Journal of Indian Academy of Wood Science, 2(2) 1-6 Siau JF (1984) Transport processes in wood. Springer-Verlag, Berlin... 

The design of particular microstmctures in different glass-containing composite systems, as discussed in this Chapter, leads to composites with specific properties targeted for selected applications in a variety of fields. The variety of processing techniques developed to produce composites with interpenetrating, graded and layered microstmctures as well as hybrid composites was reviewed. A number of specific composite systems was described and their typical properties were presented. 

A hybrid composite [121,122] can contain more than one type of reinforcement and/or more than one type of matrix, with the objective of improving or lowering the cost of the basic composite [123]. The second reinforcement may be a fiber (continuous or chopped), particles or whiskers. The fiber reinforcement can be in the same laminae and interspersed using any textile process such as weaving, or in different laminae, interspersing plies to obtain the desired mechanical/ physical properties. A sandwich composite is a special case which has an interlayer of a material such as A1 foil or a honeycomb. The matrix may be different for each type of reinforcement, or added to infiltrate the reinforced matrix (e.g. a thermoplastic resin such as PSU) to confer controlled viscosity in the matrix, or an elastomer (e.g. CTBN) for increased toughness. 

Radhakrishnan, S., B.T.S. Ramanujam, A. Adhikari et al. 2006. FJigh-temperature, polymer-graphite hybrid composites for bipolar plates Effect of processing conditions on electrical properties. Journal of Power Sources 163 702-707. 

Innocenzi P., Kozuka H., Yoko T. Fluorescence properties of Ru(bpy) complex incorporated in sol-gel-derived silica coating films. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997 101 2285-2291 Inoue H., Iwamoto T., Makishima A., Ikemoto M., Horie K. Preparation and properties of sol-gel thin films with porphins. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1992 B9 816-818 Ita M., Uchida Y., Matsui K. Polyaniline/silica hybrid composite gels prepared by the sol-gel process. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech. 2003 26 479-182... 

The process properties of hybrid composites are related to not only the decrease of the concentration of the matrix in the bulk of the composite, but also to the plasticizing action of inorganic filler. 

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