Graphite polymers

Plate Material Graphite Polymer-Based Composite Metal... 

Q. Yao, S. Yabuki and F. Mizutani, Preparation of a carbon paste/alcohol dehydrogenase electrode using polyethylene glycol-modified enzyme and oil-soluble mediator, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 65(1-3) (2000) 147-149. A. Morales, F. Cespedes, E. Martinez-Fabregas and S. Alegret, Ethanol amperometric biosensor based on an alcohol oxidase-graphite-polymer biocomposite, Electrochim. Acta, 43(23) (1998) 3575-3579. 

Klein, D. J. 1994. Graphitic polymer strips with edge states. Chem. Phys. Lett. 217 261-265. 

Pyrolysis of a perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride monomer above 520 C resulted in vapor-phase condensation of poly-peri-naphthalene (PPN), a representative one-dimensional graphite polymer. PPN was obtained as fine whiskers with rectangular cross sections and exhibited electrical conduction behaviors characteristic of low-dimensional disordered systems. At HTT s above 2800 C,... 

W C Tucker and R Brown, Moisture absorption of graphite/polymer composites under 2000 feet of seawater , / Compos Mater 1989 23(8) 787-797. 

W C Tucker, Crystal formation on graphite/polymer composites , J Compos Mater 1988 22(8) 742-748. 

W C Tucker, Degradation of graphite polymer composites in seawater , Trans ASME I Energy Resources Technol 1991 113(4) 264-267. 

Other fibers and polymers have also been used, and the trend is toward increased utilization of composites in automobiles and aircraft. For example, a composite of graphite fibers in a polymer matrix is used in the construction of the F-117 Stealth fighter and other military aircraft. Graphite-polymer composites are used in a number of sporting goods such as golf club shafts, tennis racquets, fishing rods, and skis. The F-16 military aircraft was the first... 

Since these few compounds have been synthesized, the intercalation of graphite with numerous other guest species seems possible. Tliese include intercalation of numerous organic metals, as well as other heterocyclic systems. It is hoped that the potential for these types of reactions will give rise to new classes of intercalates, and possible even graphite polymers. 

Murakami, M., S. lijima, and S. Yoshimura (1986). Morphology and structure of a one dimensional graphite polymer, poly-per-naphthalene. J. Appl. Phys. 60, 3856-3863. 

Graphitic polymers would be linked by strong bonds between the atoms. Unlike in metals, where metal-metal bonding is weak, these covalent structures should not be susceptible to electromigration or other processes that could change the shape of a nanometer scale fabricated structure under the influence of an electrical or magnetic field. 

Graphite/polymer composite materials made of a graphite, and carbon combined with a polymeric resin, are less susceptible to corrosion, and have low contact resistance but higher bulk resistance than metals. Also the gas permeability is higher than in metals. This results in thicker plates, which may still be acceptable for stationary applications. Target values for the bulk conductivity are in the order of >10Scm [79]. 

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