Hyaluronic acid complexes

Other high molecular toxins were recorded from the Apicomplexa (Sporozoa). A protein—hyaluronic acid complex (toxotoxin) was described from peritoneal exudates of mice, which is probably produced by hosts in... 

Ogston, A.G., Stanier, J.I. (1951) The dimensions of the particle of hyaluronic acid complex in sinovial fluid. Biochemical Journal, 49, 585-599. 

Fingerprinting the Hyaluronic Acid-Protein Complex of Human Vitreous Humour, S. A. Barker, S. J. Crews, J. B. Marsters, and M. Stacey, Clin. Chim. Acta, 11 (1965) 139-145. 

Polyelectrolyte complexes composed of various weight ratios of chitosan and hyaluronic acid were found to swell rapidly, reaching equilibrium within 30 min, and exhibited relatively high swelling ratios of 250-325% at room temperature. The swelling ratio increased when the pH of the buffer was below pH 6, as a result of the dissociation of the ionic bonds, and with increments of temperature. Therefore, the swelling ratios of the films were pH-and temperature-dependent. The amount of free water in the complex films increased with increasing chitosan content up to 64% free water, with an additional bound-water content of over 12% [29]. 

The optimum conditions for polyion complex formation between chitosan and hyaluronate were identified fhe compression exerfed fo manufacture the implant had no role to play in the release kinetics [28,92]. Various authors published data confirming fhaf fhe combinafion of chifosan and hyaluronic acid is always suscepfible fo swelling, even in fhe presence of cross-hnking. 

Ito T, Yoshihara C, Hamada K, Koyama Y (2010) DNA/polyethyleneimine/hyaluronic acid small complex particles and tumor suppression in mice. Biomaterials 31 2912-2918... 

We were successful earlier in achieving anioiuc/cationic complexes with glycosaminoglycans, e.g., hyaluronic acid/cationic polysaccharide compositions [44], now used in personal care applications. Those compositions are substantive, stable and user-friendly. Unfortunately, despite the highly anionic nature of hyaluronic acid (and other glycosaminoglycans), these materials do not block viral infections [39]. Furthermore, as shown by the in vivo rabbit irritation studies, such compositions displayed minimal irritation [13]. 

More complex polysaccharides play important roles in connective tissues and elsewhere. For example, hyaluronic acid is universally present in connective tissues of animals, as well as in their vitreous and synovial fluids. It helps to provide the fluids present in joints with shock-absorbing and lubricating properties. Unlike cellulose, chitin, starch, and glycogen, hyaluronic acid contains two different monomers glucose and N-acetylglucosamine alternate in the structure. Thus, hyaluronic acid is a regular alternating copolymer ABABABA —... 

The same authors130 used gel chromatography on agarose for isolating the undegraded hyaluronic acid-protein complex from human synovial fluid. 

L-arabinose, have also been reported to be in direct linkage with a protein. L-Arabinose may also be linked to L-serine and L-threonine in a hyaluronic acid-polypeptide complex from ox vitreous-humor.750 D-Mannose is reported to be glycosidically linked in a glucoamylase [(l->4)-a-D-glucan glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.3] from Aspergillus... 

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