Hyaline membrane disease

The proteolytic enzymes, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and chymoral [8076-22-0] in combination, have been used for the treatment of post-operative hand trauma, athletic injuries, and sciatica (214—216). Trypsin has also been used successfully in treating hyaline membrane disease of newborn babies, a condition usually fatal without treatment (217). Immobilized preparations of trypsin are useful in treating acute radiation cystitis following pelvic x-irradiation therapy (218). 

Abe, T. (1980). Artificial surfactant therapy in hyaline-membrane disease, Lancet. 1, 55-59. 

Fatty liver of pregnancy Placental abruption Preeclampsia/eclampsia Retained fetus syndrome Pulmonary syndrome syndrome Empyema Hyaline membrane disease... 

Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease, is one of the most common causes of respiratory disease in premature infants. In fact, it occurs in 30,000 to 50,000 newborns per year in the U.S. — most commonly in neonates bom before week 25 of gestation. IRDS is characterized by areas of atelectasis, hemorrhagic edema, and the formation of hyaline membranes within the alveoli. IRDS is caused by a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant. Alveolar type II cells, which produce surfactant, do not begin to mature until weeks 25 to 28 of... 

Stahlman, M. T. (1984). Chronic lung disease following hyaline membrane disease. In "Neonatal Medicine" (L. Stern and P. Vert, eds.), pp. 454-4 73. Masson, New York. 

Octreotide has been used in premature neonates for closure of enterocutaneous fistulae complicating necrotizing enterocolitis. Two cases of oxygen desaturation have been reported (12). The authors suggested that the effect may relate to pre-existing hyaline membrane disease. 

T. Fujiwara and F.H. Adams, Surfactant for hyaline membrane disease, Pediatrics 66 (1980) 795-798. 

The use of compressed oxygen can benefit not only athletes, but also vulnerable premature babies. Premature babies can be afflicted with hyaline-membrane disease. This condition prevents the alveoli in their lungs from inflating, which leads to serious breathing difficulties. Placing these babies in an oxygen-rich environment such as an HBO or an incubator (Figure 11.28) helps inflate the alveoli. This increases the infants chances for survival. 

Northway WH, Rosan RC, Porter DY. Pulmonary disease following respiration therapy of hyaline membrane disease. N Engl J Med 276 (1967) 357-368. 

Strange RC, Cotton W, Fryer AA, Jones P, Bell J, Hume R. Lipid peroxidation and expression of copper-zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase in lungs of premature infants with hyaline membrane disease and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Lab Clin Med 116 (1990) 666-673. 

Avery, M.E. Mead, J. Surface properties in relation to atelectasis and hyaline membrane disease. Am. J. Dis. Child. 1959, 97, 517-526. 

The use of a biexponential equation with postnatal age as the time scale permits some practical interpretation of the time course component of the final PD model. Table 27.2 presents the peak spell frequency, the time to achieve peak frequency, and the model predicted resolution half-time of apnea in absence of therapy. The resolution half-time defines the number of days of postnatal maturation that transpire before the daily spell frequency is reduced by one-half. The influence of hyaline membrane disease on resolution half-time is readily apparent. The most premature neonates with HMD have the slowest time to maximum episode counts and have the highest frequency of apnea. A 24 week gestational age infant with HMD requires an additional 7 days for a maturational reduction in spell count of one-half. The half-time of apnea onset is approximately 2.5 days. On average, the greatest severity of apnea would occur at approximately 1 postnatal week. Figure 27.10 depicts the baseline apneic episode frequency versus postnatal age for each gestational age in the present study. The predictions of daily spell count are population predictions, calculated using the final parameter estimates for PRE, and... 

The predicted time to maximum severity (t ax), the expected maximum number of spells per day, and the resolution half-time were calculated from the final PD model parameter estimates. These figures represent the anticipated disease severity and time course in the absence of theophylline therapy. HMD = hyaline membrane disease. 

B23. Berfenstam, B., Edlund, T., and Zettergren, L., The hyaline membrane disease, a review of earlier clinical and experimental findings and some studies on the pathogenesis of hyaline membranes in Oa-intoxicated rabbits. Acta Paediat. 47, 82-100 (1958). 

RDS, historically known as hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is more appropriately termed surfactant-deficiency RDS. RDS is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Before 35 weeks gestation, the risk of RDS and the severity of disease increase with greater degree of prematurity and, in the absence of appropriate antenatal interventions, occurs in over 50% of newborns of 30 weeks or less gestation. The Vermont Oxford Network experience for 1999 describes over 27,000 neonates below 1500 g from 325 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) sites. The annual report noted that RDS occurred in over 80% of premature infants below 1000 g and that there was a gradual decline to about 42% of neonates with birth weights between 1400 and 1500 g. 

Hyaline membrane disease Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary infarction Tissue injury Burns... 

One of the most important uses of HBO is to treat babies with hyaline-membrane disease. These babies suffer from respiratory distress soon after birth because the alveoli in their Irmgs fail to inflate. HBO therapy has increased the chances that the Irmgs will normalize so that these babies can survive. 

Beractant, a bovine lung extract (administered by intratracheal instillation), is indicated in prevention and treatment (rescue) of respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease) in premature infants. 

Kinsella, J. P., Ivy, D. D. and Abman, S. H. (1994). Inhaled nitric oxide improves gas exchange and lowers pulmonary vascular resistance in severe experimental hyaline membrane disease. Pediatr. Res. 36, 402-408. 

Juul SE, Kinsella MG, Wight TN, Hodson WA. Alterations in nonhuman primate (M. nemestrina) lung proteoglycans during normal development and acute hyaline membrane disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1993 8 299-310. 

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