Humanitarian relief

International Committee of the Red Cross (1969) Declaration of principles for international humanitarian relief to the civihan population in disaster situations. Int Rev Red Cross 104 632-633... 

The Military Coordination Center (MCC) coordinated land and U.S. helicopter missions that supported the Kurdish people. In addition to providing humanitarian relief and protection to the Kurds, another important function of the Army detachment was to establish an ongoing American presence in the Kurdish towns and villages by showing the U.S. flag. This U.S. Army function was supported by a helicopter detachment called Eagle Flight. 

In many complex emergencies, the humanitarian relief problem evolves quickly and unpredictably. There are usually significant life-and-death consequences associated with inadequate relief supplies. The associated locations may have poor infrastructure and poor telecommunications, and have political constraints. In such environments, effective supply chains can significantly increase the odds of success. The overall goal of the humanitarian logistics activity is to restore the capability of the system, at least to the level prior to the catastrophe, and leave development to other entities. 

While there are several possible measures of performance of a humanitarian relief supply chain, one approach, suggested by Fearon [37], is to compare an actual outcome with the counterfactual outcome. In such an approach, the question is whether the humanitarian intervention did in fact improve the system in terms of lives saved, diseases avoided, crop failure averted, market functionality maintained, and so on. But other suggestions focus on the success of the appeal coverage, lead time between donation and delivery of aid, financial efficiency and assessment accuracy. Each of these metrics focuses on the process of forecasting the aid required and garnering the resources and then efficiently dehvering the aid while respecting the planned humanitarian space. 

How has the history of engineers in national and international development shaped the contemporary assumptions and practices in humanitarian relief and/ or community development ... 

Dubey and Gunasekaran (2016) D S ST QL Evaluates alignment, agility, adaptability of different SC designs humanitarian relief applications... 

Baldk B, Beamon BM (2008) Facility location in humanitarian relief. Int J Logistics Res Appl 11 (2) 101-121... 

Shortly after the discussions with SSF several team members attended CrisisCamp in Washington DC, and met a variety of stakeholders interested in using technology to help with humanitarian relief projects. John Crowley invited several of the team members to participate in a STAR-TIDES sponsored exercise at Camp Roberts to simulate deploying technology for humanitarian relief in harsh climates (no power, no Internet etc.). 

The impact of the external drivers on the contemporary supply chain is discussed in depth in Chaps. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The evolution of supply chains driven by emerging paradigms such as humanitarian relief, emerging economies, sustainability, and healthcare delivery are elaborated in Chaps. 7, 8, 9 and 10. 

Capabilities include customer-management, procurement, productitMi, and fulfillment, as shown in Fig. 1.5. With respect to the emerging paradigms, new capabilities must be emphasized fund management and social cost in both healthcare and humanitarian relief rapid fulfillment in humanitarian relief infrastructure performance, and social norms in emerging economies and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in sustainability. 

The strategy for logistics services, whether owned or outsourced, needs to include the above concerns associated with ecmiomic and business turbulences. It could take various forms such as increased transshipment between distribution centers rapidly switching the mode of transportation and rerouting using air-drops for humanitarian relief linking the informal and formal components of... 

The internal drivers, in contrast, attempt to maximize the effectiveness of the relief effort. In a typical humanitarian relief scenario, the prevailing chaotic conditions increase the likelihood of resources-wastage, and therefore the role of the internal drivers cannot be overstated. Typical internal drivers are shown in Fig. 8.5. 

Next in Fig. 8.6, we illustrate the capabilities that the humanitarian relief chain should possess, using the framework developed in Chap. 1. Note that the cluster of capabilities, labeled as demand management refers to external drivers, whereas the other three clusters labeled as fund management , logistics , and collaboration relate to internal drivers. 

While both the commercial and humanitarian chains find best ways of satisfying demand, they shape the demand in opposite directions. A commercial supply chain attempts to increase customer demand, while the humanitarian relief chain aims at decreasing the demand of supplies. Note that proactive measures such as investment in the protection of property and life, advance preparation for disasters, and evacuation can help reduce the negative impact of a disaster. The protection and preparedness functions clearly require new capabilities, not fotmd in a contemporary supply chain. 

Social value can be defined, in the context of humanitarian relief, as the amount of resources a community is willing to part with to save a human life. It acts as a surrogate variable standing in for price in a traditional supply chain. In contrast to price, however, it shapes the satisfied demand and not demand per se. That is, the satisfied demand increases if the social value imputed by a community increases. 

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