Emerging economies

During the 1980s some rationalization of capacity occurred in the United States reducing the number of producers to four with the purchase of NeveiUe s chloriaated paraffin business by Dover (ICC). In Europe, Dynamit Nobel ceased as a suppHer. However, elsewhere new companies have commenced manufacture to take advantage of the opportunities in new and emerging economies, particularly in Asia. Some suppHers of chloriaated paraffins are Hsted in Table 2. 

The second trend is nurtured by a rapidly growing demand in emerging economies for products that are expected to have a dramatic impact on the state of the world, as shown in Table 10.1, if the current world production patterns and consumer behaviors continue. 

The rising competitive pressure in the chemical industry, accelerated by the emergence of low-cost suppliers in emerging economies, represents a massive call for further improvement action in the service organizations. 

According to current estimates, approximately 17 percent of the world population, in other words 1.1 billion people, are reckoned to be potential consumers of products from the chemical industry1 . By 2015, the total number of consumers is expected to almost double to two billion due to rapid economic growth, mainly in the emerging economies. Almost half of these consumers will then live in Asia, and the number in China is likely to climb nearly tenfold to 700 million. 

World C02 emissions are expected to increase by 1.9% annually from 2001 to 2025. Much of the increase in these emissions is expected to occur in the developing world, where emerging economies such as China and India fuel their economic development mostly with fossil energy. China s C02 emissions in 2007 exceeded those of the United States, and emissions of the developing countries are expected to surpass those of the industrialized countries about the year 2018. In terms of per capita carbon dioxide emissions, the United States is still the "leader" with a 21 tons/per capita/per year emission (Russia 11.8, EU 8.6, China 5.1, India 1.8), and these emissions continued to increase in all parts of the world except the EU, where it has been reduced by 2%. 

Biofuels are valuable sources of sustainable energy. Interest in them will rise tremendously in the coming years due to the perspective of a dramatic shortage of oil and gas reserves, simultaneously with an accelerated worldwide demand in fuels, namely in the large emergent economies. Biofuels have at least five merits. They ... 

Increased environmental footprint as emerging economies develop... 

A company needs to consider several factors when surveying the potential for developing a chemical industry in countries with emerging economies. Table 9.23 lists some important items and ranges for these factors. A country s potential for developing a CPI must be approached in terms of production infrastructure, market location, and sociopohtical factors. Essential factors to be considered are as follows ... 

In October of 2000, Tyumen Oil Company received the American Society for Competitiveness s (ASC) annual award for leadership in developing globally competitive practices in an emerging economy. 

All advanced and several emerging economies have well-established, legally binding procedures for evaluating applications for marketing authorizations (MAs) for veterinary medicinal products (VMPs). The principal bodies and their legal status are indicated in Table 2.9. In the case of the EU of 27 member states, as well as the supranational... 

There will be no single pattern of shift towards hydrogen. Some developed and emerging economies will have bigger contributions from nuclear power and coal-based systems. Others will stay closer to tmly renewable methods of power generation [60]. 

---