Human serum cholesterol

Average Total Human Serum Cholesterol Levels as a Function of Age... 

Suzuki, S. and Oshima, S. 1970. Influence of blending of edible fats and oils on human serum cholesterol level. Jpn. J. Nutr. 28, 3-9. 

Nutritional understanding of the effect of fats in the diet has made considerable progress.26-30 It was understood that saturated fats (see Chapter 3, Section 3.8) were the least beneficial as they raised serum cholesterol. High serum cholesterol is now associated with heart attacks and strokes. There was for this reason pressure over the cholesterol content of foods. This pressure has now been relieved since it appears that dietary cholesterol is not a particularly serious issue. The human body makes cholesterol, so dietary cholesterol does not necessarily affect serum cholesterol level as dietary intake can be compensated for by reduced cholesterol synthesis. 

Furthermore, addition of lysine to soy protein markedly increased the rate of lipid absorption and addition of arginine to casein slowed lipid absorption. The slowed absorption of lipids in animals fed soy protein is similar to that reported for soluble fibers such as pectin and guar gum that act to lower serum cholesterol concentrations in a number of animal species, including humans. 

To give an example, if a producer prepares 4000 vials from a batch of human serum, to be used as certified reference material for cholesterol measurements, it is neither practical nor realistic to measure the cholesterol content in all the 4000 vials. The measurements will be performed only on a number of vials. This will be discussed in more detail below. 

An instrument was proposed for measurement of Li concentration in human serum, based on the turbidimetric or nephelometric determination of the maximum rate of precipitation of a Li complex, which is related to the Li concentration in the serum. The precipitating reagent was prepared by dissolving KIO4 and FeCls in a KOH solution. Measurements were made every 10 s for 5 min at 550 nm. No interference was recorded for the presence of triglycerides, cholesterol, Na or... 

Garlic is one of the most common botanical remedies used by patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), probably because of to the antiviral claim associated with its consumption, as well as the possibility of lowering total serum cholesterol, which could counteract the common side effect of hypercholesterolemia associated with the use of antiretroviral drug regimens. 

In 2001, a comparison was undertaken to assess the capability of countries to measure cholesterol in human serum (Welch et al. 2001). After a pilot... 

Saponins disrupt red blood cells and may produce diarrhea and vomiting. They may also have a beneficial effect by enmplexing with cholesterol and thus lowering serum cholesterol levels. In humans, intestinal microflora seem to either destroy saponins or inactivate them in small concentrations. 

Atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant disease around the globe and is one of the major causes of death and cardiovascular morbidity in humans. Risk factors for CHD include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, male gender, cigarette smoking etc. but the most dominating risk factor is the serum cholesterol. 

Burnett and coworkers have described the synthesis of a very potent class of cholesterol absorption inhibitors (CAI) typified by the original lead compound in this series the compound I showed in Fig. 42 (SCH 48461). This 2-azetidinone has resulted as an effective inhibitor of cholesterol absorption in a cholesterol-fed hamster model [9]. Subsequently, the same molecule has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol in human clinical trials [382]. Although this class of compounds has been initially designed as acyl coenzyme A cholesterol transferases (ACAT) inhibitors, early structure-activity studies demonstrated a striking divergence of in vitro ACAT inhibition and in vivo activity in the cholesterol-fed hamster. A detailed examination of this molecule indicated that the hypocholesterolemic... 

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