Human immunodeficiency virus action

Cannabinoids have antiemetic activity when used alone or in combination with other antiemetics.5 Dronabinol and nabilone are commercially available oral formulations used for preventing and treating refractory CINV.5,10 Dronabinol is also used to treat anorexia and weight loss associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Cannabinoids are thought to exert their antiemetic effect centrally, although the exact mechanism of action is unknown.1,10 Sedation, euphoria, hypotension, ataxia, dizziness, and vision difficulties can occur with cannabinoids. 

Balzarini J, Hao Z, Herdewijn P, Johns DG, De Clercq E. Intracellular metabolism and mechanism of anti-retrovirus action of 9-(2-phosphonylme-thoxyethyl)adenine, a potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus compound. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991 88 1499-1503. 

More than 60 per cent of all diseases in Europe, North America and Japan are caused by the action of viruses, amongst them bronchitis, hepatitis, influenza, infections by several strains of herpes as well as by human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) [216]. Modified nucleosides that inhibit the replication of the... 

Abstract The inhibitory action of polyanionic substances on virus replication was reported more than 50 years ago. Seaweeds, marine invertebrates, and higher plants represent abundant sources of novel compounds of proved antiviral activity. Natural sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) are potent in vitro inhibitors of a wide variety of enveloped viruses, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), dengue virus (DENV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza A virus. Several polysulfate compounds have the potential to inhibit virus replication by blocking the virion binding to the host cell. In contrast, their in vivo efficacy in animal and human systemic infections has undesirable draw-... 

Evers, M. Poujade, C. Soler, E. Ribeill, Y James, C. Lelievre, Y Gueguen, J. C. Reisdorf, D. Morize, I. Betulinic acid derivatives a new class of human immunodeficiency virus t5fpe 1 specific inhibitors with a new mode of action. J. Med. Chem., 1996, 39 1056-1068. 

Huang, L. Yuan, X. Aiken, C. Chen, C. H. Bifunctional anti-human immunodeficiency virus t3fpe 1 small molecules with two novel mechanisms of action. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother, 2004, 48 663—665. 

Yamamoto et al. have reported that Ki 3 [Ce(SiWi 1039)2] shows inhibitory action to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the simian immunodeficiency virus [93]. 

Among the retroviruses " are types B and C oncoviruses which induce malignant tumors in mammals and birds and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the apparent causative agent of AIDS. Their RNA functions in a surprising way. Each virion contains a reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that transcribes copies of circular dsDNA copies from the one or two mRNA-like molecules that make up the virus genome. Following action of the reverse transcriptase, one of the transcribed DNA circles becomes covalently spliced into the host s own cellular DNA. There it remains permanently as a provirus. RNA molecules transcribed from the provirus serve as mRNA for virus-encoded proteins and also as the genomes for new virus particles. 

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