Human galectins

Glycan array allows for the definition of fine differences in specificity among related lectins giving clues about the basis for differences in their biological activities. For example comparison of a set of human galectins demonstrated that Gal-1, Gal-2, and Gal-3 all bind /V-acetyllactosamine but... 

Seetharaman J, Kanigsberg A, Slaaby R, Leffler H, Barondes SH, Rini JM. X-ray crystal structure of the human galectin-3 carbohydrate recognition domain at 2.1 A resolution. J Biol Chem 1998 273 13047-13052. 

Sugar Atom Bovine galectin 1 [ Human ] galectin 2 [ Human ] galectin 3 [ Human ] galectin 7 [ Human ] galectin... 

Glycochemistry is an important science, particularly for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates which play key roles in several biological events. Phenyl 1-thio-glyco-sides in particular and related thioglycosides have been used extensively for the synthesis of complex oligosaccharides. Moreover, aryl l-thio-P-o-galactopyranosides have been nsed recently as specific inhibitors of human galectins. ... 

Fig. 5 NOESY and TR-NOESY experiments of a model C-glycosyl disaccharide in the absence (left) and presence (right) of human galectin-1. The binding event is pointed out by change of sign of the NOE cross peaks between both experiments. Moreover, changes of the ligand upon the addition of the protein are revealed by the disappearance of some NOE patterns as shown in the TR-NOESY experiment (adapted with permission from ref. 118 (Chemistry, 2013, 19, 14581, Copyright 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co).

Fig. 6 Structure of human galectin-3 CRD in complex with a lactose moiety bearing a lanthanide binding tag. Significant chemical shift perturbations (PCS) in the protein (residues represented as sticks) can be detected upon ligand binding (modelled from galectin structure PDB 2NN8).

K. E. Pace, C. Lee, P. L. Stewart, and L. G. Baum, Restricted receptor segregation into membrane microdomains occurs on human T cells during apoptosis induced by galectin-1, J. Immunol., 163 (1999) 3801-3811. 

Ohannesian, D.W., et al. 1994. Concomitant increases in galectin-1 and its glycoconjugate ligands (carcinoembryonic antigen, lamp-1, and lamp-2) in cultured human colon carcinoma cells by sodium butyrate. Cancer Res 54 5992. 

Kayser K, Seemarm C, Andre S, et al. 2000. Association of concentration of asbestos and asbestos-like fibers with the patient s survival and the binding capacity of lung parenchyma to galectin-1 and natural a-galactoside- and a-matmoside-binding inrmunoglobulin G subfractions from human serum. Pathol Res Pract 196 81-87. 

Charcot - Leyden crystal protein Bovine galectin -1 Human gaiectin -1 Corai tree lectin... 

X-ray crystal structures of the lectin domains of human and bovine galectin 1, galectin 10 and similar domains from other proteins. (Reproduced with permission from [181])... 

D-MS Quinones Human bronchial epithelium Protein adduct IDs including nucleophosmin, galectin-1, HSPs, others... 

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